Observational studyAIDS (London, England)2021
Markers of inflammation and immune activation are associated with lung function in a multi-center cohort of persons with HIV.
Observational study in AIDS (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Lung Function and Structure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Integrated multi-omics identifies CRP as a prognostic biomarker and reveals complement consumption in HIV-associated AECOPD.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Recurrent episodes of pneumonia are associated with worse lung function in people with HIV.PloS one · 2026Article
- Moderate to Severe Impairment of DlAnnals of the American Thoracic Society · 2025Article
- Brief Report: Sex and HIV Modify Immune Activation Biomarkers in Ugandans Post-Tuberculosis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- The lung proteome in HIV-associated obstructive lung disease.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in People with HIV: an Evidence-Based Review.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- DLCO in HIV Patients and Their Association with CD4 and VL.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- HIV-associated lung disease.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023Review
- Pneumoproteins and biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation do not predict rapid lung function decline in people living with HIV.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Lung proteome and metabolome endotype in HIV-associated obstructive lung disease.ERJ open research · 2023Article
- Lung Function in Women With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Article
- COPD in People with HIV: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Management, and Prevention Strategies.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2023Review
- Pulmonary Function Trajectories in People with HIV: Analysis of the Pittsburgh HIV Lung Cohort.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2022Article
- Clinical and Immunological Markers of Pulmonary Impairment Among People With HIV in India.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- World AIDS Day: 40 years of an evolving pulmonary landscape.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2021Article
- HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Co-Infection: What are the Risks?Infection and drug resistance · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesStudies have shown that people with HIV (PWH) may be at increased risk for chronic lung diseases and lung function abnormalities, which may be associated with immune activation. We tested the association of a panel of 12 immune activation and inflammation biomarkers with spirometry and single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco).
designCross-sectional, observational study.
methodsParticipants were enrolled from the Inflammation, Aging, Microbes and Obstructive Lung Disease cohort of PWH at two US sites. Biomarkers were examined and standardized spirometry and DLco testing were performed. We tested associations between each biomarker and lung function, examined individually and in combination, using multi-variable linear and logistic regression.
resultsAmong 199 participants, median forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was normal (90% predicted) and median DLco was abnormal (69% predicted). The most common lung function abnormality (57%) was a normal FEV1 to forced vital capacity ratio with an abnormal DLco of 80% or less predicted (iso↓DLco). Two markers (IL-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) were associated with FEV1% predicted, whereas eight markers (soluble CD14, soluble CD163, inducible protein-10, soluble CD27, IL-6, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2, D-dimer) were associated with DLco% predicted. Compared with those participants with normal spirometry and DLco, five markers (soluble CD14, soluble CD163, interferon gamma inducible protein-10, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2) were associated with iso↓DLco.
conclusionAmong PWH, different markers of immune activation and inflammation are associated with FEV1% predicted than with DLco% predicted and with an iso↓DLco, representing possible unique pathways of chronic lung disease. Identifying plausible drivers of these inflammatory pathways may clarify mechanisms underlying impaired lung function in HIV infection and may identify therapeutic avenues.
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