ArticleJournal of physiology and biochemistry2021
Retinoprotective effect of agmatine in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model: avenues for vascular and neuronal protection : Agmatine in diabetic retinopathy.
Article in Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dose-Dependent Protective Effects of Agmatine on Sublingual Gland Dysfunction and Pancreatic Damage in Experimental Diabetes: Evidence From Histological, Biochemical, and Immunohistochemical Analyses.Microscopy research and technique · 2026Article
- Diabetic retinopathy: shaped by the "hidden hand" of post-translational modifications.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Protective effects of zingerone on the retina in diabetic rats.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Targeting α‑Klotho Protein by Agmatine and Pioglitazone Is a New Avenue against Diabetic Nephropathy.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
- Time-dependent electroretinogram, metabolomics and lipidomics screened metabolic markers for monitoring the process of diabetic retinopathy from scratch.Acta diabetologica · 2025Article
- Exploring the clinical connections between epilepsy and diabetes mellitus: Promising therapeutic strategies utilizing agmatine and metformin.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- Article
- Pyrroloquinoline quinone drives ATP synthesis in vitro and in vivo and provides retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2023Article
- The Structural Characteristics of Compounds Interacting with the Amantadine-Sensitive Drug Transport System at the Inner Blood-Retinal Barrier.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Observational
- Mechanistic Insights into Ameliorating Effect of Geraniol on D-Galactose Induced Memory Impairment in Rats.Neurochemical research · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common diabetic neurovascular complication, and the leading cause of preventable blindness among working-age individuals. Recently, agmatine, the endogenous decarboxylated L-arginine, has gained attention as a pleiotropic agent that modulates the diabetes-associated decline in quality of life, and exhibited varied protective biological effects. Diabetes was induced by a single streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg, i.p.) injection. When diabetes was verified, the animals were randomly allocated into three groups (16 rat each); diabetic, agmatine-treated diabetic (1 mg/kg, daily, for 12 weeks), and control group. Blood glucose homeostasis, retinal redox status, apoptotic parameters, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), nitric oxide (NO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glutamate, glutamine, glutamine synthase (GS) activity, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) pathways were assayed biochemically. Retinal vascular permeability was measured. Retinal morphology was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Retinal N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor1 (NMDAR1) and glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST) mRNA were quantified. Glucose transporter 1, pro-caspase3, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression were quantified by immunohistochemistry. Chronic agmatine treatment abrogated STZ-induced retinal neurodegeneration features including gliosis, and neuronal apoptosis, restored retinal vascular permeability, mostly through antioxidant, anti-apoptotic capacity, abolishing glutamate excitotoxicity, modulating the activity of NMDARs, MAPKs/NFκB, and NOS/NO pathways. By restoring the molecular and functional background of retinal neurovascular homeostatic balance, agmatine would be appropriate therapeutic option acting upstream of the DR, impeding its progression.
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