ArticleBlood advances2021
A neutrophil activation signature predicts critical illness and mortality in COVID-19.
Article in Blood advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 206 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
206 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 347 citations in OpenAlex.
- A composite ranking of risk factors for COVID-19 time-to-event data from a Turkish cohort.Computational biology and chemistry · 2022Pooled it
- The effect of reparixin on survival in patients at high risk for in-hospital mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- A Risk Profile Using Simple Hematologic Parameters to Assess Benefits From Baricitinib in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial-2.Annals of internal medicine · 2024Trial
- Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition restores myeloid homeostasis in COVID-19.Science advances · 2023Trial
- Anti-C5a antibody vilobelimab treatment and the effect on biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation in patients with severe COVID-19: a substudy of the phase 2 PANAMO trial.Respiratory research · 2022Trial
- A functionally distinct neutrophil landscape in severe COVID-19 reveals opportunities for adjunctive therapies.JCI insight · 2022Trial
- Type I IFN dynamics orchestrate protective ICAM1iScience · 2026Article
- Immune Profiling and Rapid Molecular Diagnostics in Severe Respiratory Infections and Sepsis: The Potential Clinical Perspective of CD169 and CD64.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Key factors of the deranged antiviral response in elderly patients with COVID-19: a machine-learning analysis.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Disruption of neutrophil homeostasis is associated with functional alterations in mitochondria of critically ill COVID-19 patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Neutrophil heterogeneity in Kawasaki disease and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Exploring phenotype-related single-cells through attention-enhanced representation learning.Genome medicine · 2026Article
- scSurv: a deep generative model for single-cell survival analysis.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Targeted and untargeted cross-sectional study for sex-specific identification of plasma biomarkers of COVID-19 severity.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Neutrophil Dynamics in Viral Infections: Drivers of Inflammation and Targets for Pro-Resolving Therapies.Journal of innate immunity · 2026Review
- Full blood count dynamics in immunologically naïve individuals with mild COVID-19: A prospective community cohort study.PloS one · 2026Article
- Long COVID involves activation of proinflammatory and immune exhaustion pathways.Nature immunology · 2026Observational
- Genome-wide H3K4me3 profiling of circulating immune cells reveals dynamic epigenetic reprogramming during acute critical COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The inflammation-immunosuppression loop as a driver of immune dysfunction and secondary infections in severe COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune-Based Biomarkers as Predictors of Mortality in ECMO Therapy for Severe COVID-19 ARDS: Insights from a Retrospective Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Observational
146 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
30 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Pathologic immune hyperactivation is emerging as a key feature of critical illness in COVID-19, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. We carried out proteomic profiling of plasma from cross-sectional and longitudinal cohorts of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and analyzed clinical data from our health system database of more than 3300 patients. Using a machine learning algorithm, we identified a prominent signature of neutrophil activation, including resistin, lipocalin-2, hepatocyte growth factor, interleukin-8, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which were the strongest predictors of critical illness. Evidence of neutrophil activation was present on the first day of hospitalization in patients who would only later require transfer to the intensive care unit, thus preceding the onset of critical illness and predicting increased mortality. In the health system database, early elevations in developing and mature neutrophil counts also predicted higher mortality rates. Altogether, these data suggest a central role for neutrophil activation in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 and identify molecular markers that distinguish patients at risk of future clinical decompensation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.