Trial reportMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2021
Neurofilament light chain in a phase 2 clinical trial of ibudilast in progressive multiple sclerosis.
Trial report in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01982942 (A Phase 2 Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Activity of Ibudilast), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 2 Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Activity of Ibudilast (MN-166) in Subjects With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Bile acid metabolites predict multiple sclerosis progression and supplementation is safe in progressive disease.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Trial
- Assessing Neurofilaments as Biomarkers of Neuroprotection in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: From the MS-STAT Randomized Controlled Trial.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Trial
- Use of blood-based neurofilament light chain as an endpoint in clinical trials of neurodegenerative conditions: a scoping review.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Vitamin D as an Immuno-Endocrine Modulator: Discovering Its Role in Autoimmune Disorders and Host Defense Mechanisms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Effect of Ibudilast vs Placebo on GFAP and Contactin levels in a phase 2 clinical trial in progressive multiple sclerosis.Neurology open access · 2025Article
- The Potential of β-Synuclein-Specific Regulatory T Cell Therapy as a Treatment for Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cerebrospinal fluid levels of chitinase 3-like 1 and interleukin-6 can predict response to platform therapies in relapsing multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Neurofilament heavy chain in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2025Article
- Selecting Informative Patients for Phase 2 Progressive Trials in MS: Design Considerations for Phase 2 Clinical Trials in Progressive MS.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Review
- Imaging Outcomes for Phase 2 Trials Targeting Compartmentalized Inflammation.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Review
- Towards Treating Multiple Sclerosis Progression.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Bile acid metabolites predict multiple sclerosis progression and supplementation is safe in progressive disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- CSF neurofilament light chain profiling and quantitation in neurological diseases.Brain communications · 2024Article
- O-GlcNAcylation regulates neurofilament-light assembly and function and is perturbed by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease mutations.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Serum GFAP and NfL Levels Differentiate Subsequent Progression and Disease Activity in Patients With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Emerging Potential of the Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Inhibitor Ibudilast for Neurodegenerative Diseases: An Update on Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review of potential medical treatments for middle ear cholesteatoma.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2022Review
- A Narrative Review on Axonal Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology and therapy · 2022Review
- Emerging Biomarkers of Multiple Sclerosis in the Blood and the CSF: A Focus on Neurofilaments and Therapeutic Considerations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSensitive and specific biomarkers for use in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) have not been established. We investigate neurofilament light (NfL) as a treatment response biomarker in progressive MS.
objectiveTo evaluate whether ibudilast 100 mg/day alters serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of NfL in progressive MS.
methodsIn a protocol-defined exploratory analysis from a 2-year, phase 2 clinical trial of ibudilast in progressive MS (NCT01982942), serum samples were collected from 239 subjects and a subset contributed CSF and assayed using single-molecule assay (SIMOA) immunoassay. A mixed model for repeated measurements yielded log(NfL) as the response variable.
resultsThe geometric mean baseline serum NfL was 31.9 and 28.8 pg/mL in placebo and ibudilast groups, respectively. The geometric mean baseline CSF NfL was 1150.8 and 1290.3 pg/mL in placebo and ibudilast groups, respectively. Serum and CSF NfL correlations were
conclusionIbudilast treatment was not associated with a change in either serum or CSF NfL.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.