ArticleJournal of intellectual disability research : JIDR2021
COVID-19 impact on psychological outcomes of parents, siblings and children with intellectual disability: longitudinal before and during lockdown design.
Article in Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05109026 (Connect-5 Needs Assessment to Identify Requirements of a Rural Irish Community Related to a an Online Digital Platform Solution, Designed to Change Behaviour, Related to Lifestyle Medicine and Mental Health.), which is not on this map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Connect-5 Needs Assessment to Identify Requirements of a Rural Irish Community Related to a an Online Digital Platform Solution, Designed to Change Behaviour, Related to Lifestyle Medicine and Mental Health.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maximising the health impacts of free advice services in the UK: A mixed methods systematic review.Health & social care in the community · 2022Pooled it
- Assessment of COVID-19 Messaging Strategies to Increase Testing for Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.The Journal of school health · 2024Trial
- Trajectories of Mother-Child Closeness and Child Behavioural and Emotional Outcomes in Families of Children With Intellectual Disabilities.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2026Article
- Pre-pandemic and pandemic healthcare utilisation among children with intellectual disabilities compared to the general population: a register study (IDcare).BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Experiences of typically developing siblings of children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2026Article
- Exploring Parenting and Children's Mental Health Pre and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Article
- A longitudinal study of psychological distress during and after COVID-19 restrictions in caregivers of children with intellectual disability in the UK.JCPP advances · 2025Article
- Wellbeing of Family Carers of Adults With Intellectual Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the UK: Longitudinal Study.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2025Article
- Article
- Experiences of people with intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. A thematic synthesis.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2024Article
- Associations between social isolation and parenting stress during the first wave of COVID-19 in Italian children with special educational needs.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2024Article
- Mental health and coping strategies of caregivers of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities: the initial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.International journal of developmental disabilities · 2024Article
- An update of the reported effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on person with intellectual disability and their carers: a scoping review.Annals of medicine · 2023Article
- Factors associated with mental health symptoms among UK autistic children and young people and their parents during the COVID-19 pandemic.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2023Article
- Care and rehabilitation institutions for people with intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic: Polish experiences.International social work · 2023Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 Restrictions on Psychological Distress in Family Caregivers of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disability in the UK.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2023Article
- The Impact of a Family-Centred Intervention for Parents of Children with Developmental Disabilities: A Model Project in Rural Ireland.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Resilience, and positive parenting in parents of children with syndromic autism and intellectual disability. Evidence from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on family's quality of life and parent-child relationships.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2022Article
- Adolescents with Neuropsychiatric Disorders during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focus on Emotional Well-Being and Parental Stress.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Long-COVID in people with intellectual disabilities: A call for research of a neglected area.British journal of learning disabilities · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundParents of children with intellectual disability (ID) report comparatively lower levels of well-being than parents of children without ID. Similarly, children with ID, and to a lesser extent their siblings, are reported to show comparatively higher levels of behaviour and emotional problems. Psychological problems may be accentuated by restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, due to increased social, caring and economic stressors and reduced social support. However, existing studies have not been able to examine the impact of COVID-19 restrictions accounting for pre-COVID levels of well-being in these families. In a naturalistic design, we examined outcomes for parents, siblings and children with ID in a two-wave longitudinal study where Wave 2 data were gathered for some families before and some during COVID-19 restrictions.
methodsParents of children with ID who took part in a Wave 2 survey pre-lockdown (n = 294) and during/post-lockdown (n = 103) completed a number of measures about their well-being and the behaviour and emotional problems of both their child with ID and their nearest-in-age sibling. These same measures had also been completed for all families 2-3 years previously in Wave 1 of the study.
resultsAfter accounting for covariates including family socio-economic circumstances, pre-lockdown and post-lockdown groups did not differ on Waves 1 to 2 change for measures of parental psychological distress, life satisfaction, the impact of caregiving on their lives or perceived positive gains; nor child or sibling internalising or externalising behaviour problems.
conclusionsFindings of the current study indicate that during and shortly after the COVID-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom, well-being in families of children with an ID (as reported by parents) was at similar levels compared with prior to the lockdown period.
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Registered trials
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