Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33633134›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

A hybrid deep neural network for classification of schizophrenia using EEG Data.

Jie Sun, Rui Cao, Mengni Zhou, Waqar Hussain, Bin Wang, Jiayue Xue, Jie Xiang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  11. Bridging Gaps in Sundown Syndrome Research: a Scoping Review and Roadmap for Future Multimodal Approaches.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jie SunCollege of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
Rui CaoCollege of Software, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
Mengni ZhouGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
Waqar HussainCollege of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
Bin WangCollege of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
Jiayue XueCollege of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China.
Jie XiangCollege of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China. xiangjie@tyut.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness that causes great harm to patients, so timely and accurate detection is essential. This study aimed to identify a better feature to represent electroencephalography (EEG) signals and improve the classification accuracy of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls by using EEG signals. Our research method involves two steps. First, the EEG time series is preprocessed, and the extracted time-domain and frequency-domain features are transformed into a sequence of red-green-blue (RGB) images that carry spatial information. Second, we construct hybrid deep neural networks (DNNs) that combine convolution neural networks and long short-term memory to address RGB images to classify schizophrenic patients and healthy controls. The results show that the fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) feature is more significant than the fast Fourier transform (FFT) feature in brain topography. The deep learning (DL) method that we propose achieves an average accuracy of 99.22% with FuzzyEn and an average accuracy of 96.34% with FFT. These results show that the best effect is to extract fuzzy features as input features from EEG time series and then use a hybrid DNN for classification. Compared with the most advanced methods in this field, significant improvements have been achieved.

Indexed as

AdultDiagnosis, Computer-AssistedElectroencephalographyFemaleFourier AnalysisHumansMaleNeural Networks, ComputerSchizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID33633134
PMCPMC7907145

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.