ArticleDiabetes care2021
Risk Factors for Longitudinal Resting Heart Rate and Its Associations With Cardiovascular Outcomes in the DCCT/EDIC Study.
Article in Diabetes care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comprehensive Factors for Predicting the Complications of DiabetesMellitus: A Systematic Review.Current diabetes reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy defined by indices of heart rate variability is associated with cardiovascular disease: a longitudinal cohort study of participants with type 1 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Association of cardiorespiratory fitness with adverse outcomes in patients with and without atrial fibrillation: a prospective cohort study.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Prevalence and predictors of female sexual dysfunction among sexually active women in the diabetes prevention program outcomes study.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2024Article
- Longitudinal clustering of Life's Essential 8 health metrics: application of a novel unsupervised learning method in the CARDIA study.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2024Article
- Association between initial in-hospital heart rate and glycemic control in patients with acute ischemic stroke and diabetes mellitus.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIndividuals with diabetes have higher resting heart rate compared with those without, which may be predictive of long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Using data from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) study, we evaluated whether the beneficial effect of intensive versus conventional diabetes therapy on heart rate persisted, the factors mediating the differences in heart rate between treatment groups, and the effects of heart rate on future CVD risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsLongitudinal changes in heart rate, from annual electrocardiograms over 22 years of EDIC follow-up, were evaluated in 1,402 participants with type 1 diabetes. Linear mixed models were used to assess the effect of DCCT treatment group on mean heart rate over time, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the effect of heart rate on CVD risk during DCCT/EDIC.
resultsAt DCCT closeout, 52% of participants were male and mean ± SD age was 33 ± 7 years, diabetes duration 12 ± 5 years, and HbA
conclusionsAfter 22 years of follow-up, former intensive versus conventional therapy remained significantly associated with lower heart rate, consistent with the long-term beneficial effects of intensive therapy on CVD. DCCT treatment group effects on heart rate were explained by differences in DCCT/EDIC mean HbA
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