ReviewMolecular cancer2021
mRNA vaccine for cancer immunotherapy.
Review in Molecular cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07053072 (A Prospective，Single Arm Clinicial Trial Evaluating PD-1 mRNA LNP Vaccine for the Treatment of Advanced Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Failing Standard Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 501 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Prospective，Single Arm Clinicial Trial Evaluating PD-1 mRNA LNP Vaccine for the Treatment of Advanced Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Failing Standard Therapy
Who cites it
501 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 866 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy, immune response, and safety of mRNA versus dendritic cell vaccines in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluation of translational potential of mRNA vaccine candidate antigens for pancreatic cancer: a systematic review based on clinical evidence and stratified prioritization strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Immunotherapy in pediatric bone sarcomas: Current progress and future directions.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Optimizing nucleic acid delivery using PF14 peptide and lipid nanoparticle systems.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- A Nitric Oxide-Based STING Agonist Nanoadjuvant With ICD-Derived Membrane Antigens Unleashes Robust Antitumor Immunity.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2026Article
- Biomimetic and personalized nanovaccines in cancer immunotherapy: Design innovations, translational challenges, and future directions.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Endolysosomal routing combined with immune stimulation enhances anti-tumor efficacy of an HPV16 mRNA therapeutic vaccine.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Review
- Therapeutic vaccines for NSCLC: From mechanisms to clinical translation.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2026Review
- Quantitative nanoscale imaging shows peptide-MHC I complexes are monomeric and spatially regulated in human dendritic cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Advancing Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry for Characterizing Large, Intact mRNA Constructs.Analytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Combined HER2-targeted mRNA-LNP vaccine and radiotherapy suppress Lewis lung carcinoma growth in mice: Efficacy and mechanistic insights.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Article
- Construction of a Neoantigen Prognostic Model for Gastric Adenocarcinoma Based on Multi-Omics Data Mining and the Design of mRNA Vaccines and Targeted Drugs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Self-Cooperative RNA Vaccine Mitigates Dendritic Cell-Mediated Acquired Immune Resistance to Potentiate Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Take Five: harmonization in personalized cancer vaccines for cancer immunotherapy.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- A novel machine learning framework-based rapid screening of ionizable lipids in LNPs for highly-efficient mRNA expression.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Personalized cancer vaccines: bridging immune-oncology and precision medicine for advanced therapeutics.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- IVT-free, chemically synthesized protein-encoding RNA oligonucleotides for rapid production of personalized cancer vaccines.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence-Driven Nanomedicine: From Drug Formulation and Nanocarrier Design to Clinical Translation.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Liposomal drug delivery for lung cancer therapy: progress, challenges, and future perspectives.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
441 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
mRNA vaccines have become a promising platform for cancer immunotherapy. During vaccination, naked or vehicle loaded mRNA vaccines efficiently express tumor antigens in antigen-presenting cells (APCs), facilitate APC activation and innate/adaptive immune stimulation. mRNA cancer vaccine precedes other conventional vaccine platforms due to high potency, safe administration, rapid development potentials, and cost-effective manufacturing. However, mRNA vaccine applications have been limited by instability, innate immunogenicity, and inefficient in vivo delivery. Appropriate mRNA structure modifications (i.e., codon optimizations, nucleotide modifications, self-amplifying mRNAs, etc.) and formulation methods (i.e., lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), polymers, peptides, etc.) have been investigated to overcome these issues. Tuning the administration routes and co-delivery of multiple mRNA vaccines with other immunotherapeutic agents (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors) have further boosted the host anti-tumor immunity and increased the likelihood of tumor cell eradication. With the recent U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals of LNP-loaded mRNA vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19 and the promising therapeutic outcomes of mRNA cancer vaccines achieved in several clinical trials against multiple aggressive solid tumors, we envision the rapid advancing of mRNA vaccines for cancer immunotherapy in the near future. This review provides a detailed overview of the recent progress and existing challenges of mRNA cancer vaccines and future considerations of applying mRNA vaccine for cancer immunotherapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.