Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33631966›Full record

ReviewCephalalgia : an international journal of headache2021

Diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Naz Raoof, Jan Hoffmann

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Guideline
  6. Pooled it
  7. Papilledema and related clinical and paraclinical visual assessment in cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis versus idiopathic intracranial hypertension.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
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  10. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of non-obese patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a retrospective cohort study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
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  14. Fluoroscopic guidance decreases the risk of post-lumbar puncture headache in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Naz RaoofDepartment of Paediatrics, Strabismus and Neuro-ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.
Jan HoffmannWolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2103-9081
Barts Health NHS Trust · GBKing's College London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo review and discuss the clinical presentation and treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. DISCUSSION: Visual alterations and headache are the two main symptoms of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, although additional features including cranial nerve palsies, cognitive deficits, olfactory deficits and tinnitus are not uncommon. The headache associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension frequently has a migrainous phenotype. The underlying cause of the disorder has not yet been elucidated. Several hypotheses have been postulated but none of them can explain the full clinical picture. Therapeutic options remain limited, focusing mainly on reduction in body weight and the reduction of CSF production with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.

conclusionThe accurate diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension is essential as visual deterioration due to papilledema may be irreversible. Given its phenotypic similarity and frequent overlap with chronic migraine it is essential to consider idiopathic intracranial hypertension in the diagnostic workup of chronic headache; in particular, when considering its increasing prevalence. Understanding in detail the pathophysiological mechanisms behind the associated headache would also allow study of current and future therapeutic options in a structured way.

Indexed as

AcetazolamideAnalgesicsHeadacheHeadache DisordersHumansIntracranial HypertensionMigraine DisordersPapilledemaPseudotumor CerebriVision DisordersWeight Reduction ProgramsAcetazolamideAnalgesicsheadacheIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)painpapilledema

Identifiers

PMID33631966
PMCPMC8020303
OpenAlexW3129756687

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.