Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33631734›Full record

ArticlePhysics in medicine and biology2021

An unsupervised 2D-3D deformable registration network (2D3D-RegNet) for cone-beam CT estimation.

You Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Physics in medicine and biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. PolyPose: Deformable 2D/3D Registration via Polyrigid Transformations.Advances in neural information processing systems · 2025
    Article
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  9. Review
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  11. Unsupervised deep learning registration model for multimodal brain images.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2023
    Article
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  14. LiftReg: Limited Angle 2D/3D Deformable Registration.Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention : MICCAI ... International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention · 2022
    Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

You ZhangAdvanced Imaging and Informatics for Radiation Therapy (AIRT) Laboratory, Medical Artificial Intelligence and Automation (MAIA) Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, United States of America.

Funding

Accurate 4D Liver Tumor Localization for Radiotherapy using Contrast-Agent-Free X-ray Imaging and Liver Biomechanical ModelingR01CA240808 · NCI · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI ZHANG, YOU · 2020 to 2024
$1.5M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA240808
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Acquiring CBCTs from a limited scan angle can help to reduce the imaging time, save the imaging dose, and allow continuous target localizations through arc-based treatments with high temporal resolution. However, insufficient scan angle sampling leads to severe distortions and artifacts in the reconstructed CBCT images, limiting their clinical applicability. 2D-3D deformable registration can map a prior fully-sampled CT/CBCT volume to estimate a new CBCT, based on limited-angle on-board cone-beam projections. The resulting CBCT images estimated by 2D-3D deformable registration can successfully suppress the distortions and artifacts, and reflect up-to-date patient anatomy. However, traditional iterative 2D-3D deformable registration algorithm is very computationally expensive and time-consuming, which takes hours to generate a high quality deformation vector field (DVF) and the CBCT. In this work, we developed an unsupervised, end-to-end, 2D-3D deformable registration framework using convolutional neural networks (2D3D-RegNet) to address the speed bottleneck of the conventional iterative 2D-3D deformable registration algorithm. The 2D3D-RegNet was able to solve the DVFs within 5 seconds for 90 orthogonally-arranged projections covering a combined 90° scan angle, with DVF accuracy superior to 3D-3D deformable registration, and on par with the conventional 2D-3D deformable registration algorithm. We also performed a preliminary robustness analysis of 2D3D-RegNet towards projection angular sampling frequency variations, as well as scan angle offsets. The synergy of 2D3D-RegNet with biomechanical modeling was also evaluated, and demonstrated that 2D3D-RegNet can function as a fast DVF solution core for further DVF refinement.

Indexed as

Cone-Beam Computed TomographyAlgorithmsHumansNeural Networks, ComputerPhantoms, Imaging2D–3D deformable registrationCBCTconvolutional neural networkDVF inversionlimited-angle

Identifiers

PMID33631734
PMCPMC9026739

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.