ArticleEnvironmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)2021
Association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and long-term exposure to air pollution: Evidence from the first epidemic wave in China.
Article in Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) With COVID-19 Infection and Mortality in Low-and Middle-income Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2026Pooled it
- Ambient air pollution and COVID-19 incidence during four 2020-2021 case surges.Environmental research · 2022Pooled it
- Ambient air pollution and COVID-19 risk: Evidence from 35 observational studies.Environmental research · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review of the pivotal role of environmental toxicant exposure on infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
- Article
- An overview for monitoring and prediction of pathogenic microorganisms in the atmosphere.Fundamental research · 2024Review
- Impact of short-term ambient air pollution exposure on the risk of severe COVID-19.Journal of environmental sciences (China) · 2024Article
- Association between long-term air pollution exposure and COVID-19 mortality in Latin America.PloS one · 2023Article
- Atmospheric particulate matter effects on SARS-CoV-2 infection and spreading dynamics: A spatio-temporal point process model.Environmental research · 2022Article
- Article
- Network approach reveals the spatiotemporal influence of traffic on air pollution under COVID-19.Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Ecological studies of COVID-19 and air pollution: How useful are they?Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2022Article
- Assessing the change of ambient air quality patterns in Jiangsu Province of China pre-to post-COVID-19.Chemosphere · 2022Article
- Long-term exposure to PMEnvironment international · 2022Observational
- Effect of environmental pollutants PM2.5, CO, OJournal of King Saud University. Science · 2022Article
- Effect of Green Space Environment on Air Pollutants PM2.5, PM10, CO, OInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Environment-lockdown, air pollution and related diseases: could we learn something and make it last?European journal of public health · 2021Review
- Long-term air pollution and other risk factors associated with COVID-19 at the census tract level in Colorado.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2021Article
- Environmental Drivers and Potential Distribution ofMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Community of Madrid, Spain.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, or hypertension have a high risk of developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and of COVID-19 mortality. However, the association between long-term exposure to air pollutants, which increases cardiopulmonary damage, and vulnerability to COVID-19 has not yet been fully established. We collected data of confirmed COVID-19 cases during the first wave of the epidemic in mainland China. We fitted a generalized linear model using city-level COVID-19 cases and severe cases as the outcome, and long-term average air pollutant levels as the exposure. Our analysis was adjusted using several variables, including a mobile phone dataset, covering human movement from Wuhan before the travel ban and movements within each city during the period of the emergency response. Other variables included smoking prevalence, climate data, socioeconomic data, education level, and number of hospital beds for 324 cities in China. After adjusting for human mobility and socioeconomic factors, we found an increase of 37.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 23.8%-52.0%), 32.3% (95% CI: 22.5%-42.4%), and 14.2% (7.9%-20.5%) in the number of COVID-19 cases for every 10-μg/m
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.