ArticleJCI insight2021
Chronic HIV infection induces transcriptional and functional reprogramming of innate immune cells.
Article in JCI insight, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- A map of intra- and intercellular immune responses across diverse in vitro stimuli and inflammatory disease.Genome medicine · 2026Article
- HIV-1 Nef generates lasting innate immune memory in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in vivo.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- The Gut-Immune Axis in Treated HIV Infection: From Mucosal Damage to Chronic Inflammation and Therapeutic Opportunities-A Clinician-Oriented Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- TGF-β mediates epigenetic control of innate antiviral responses and SIV reservoir size.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Persistent viral control status is associated with enhanced innate immune responses in people with HIV-1.iScience · 2026Article
- Early Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation During Primary HIV Infection Restricts HIV Reservoirs and Gut-Driven Inflammation but Fails to Rewire the Systemic Cytokine Landscape.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Maladaptive Trained Immunity Drives Persistent IL-6 Production and Enhanced TLR Responsiveness in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages from People Living with HIV.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- The potential role of trained immunity in HIV-associated atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Induction of dysfunctional CD14Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Trained Immunity and Cardiovascular Risk: An Immunological Perspective.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Treatment in acute HIV infection only temporarily preserves monocyte function: a comparative cohort study in adult males.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Integrating allostasis and emerging technologies to study complex diseases.Communications biology · 2025Review
- Article
- Genetic and molecular landscape of comorbidities in people living with HIV.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Maladaptive trained immunity in viral infections.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Dolutegravir plus lamivudine downregulates cellular stress responses vs. three-drug HIV regimens.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Understanding residual risk of cardiovascular disease in people with HIV.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Increased IFN responses drive myeloid cell activation in people living with HIV-1.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Plasma Proteomic Signature as a Predictor of Age Advancement in People Living With HIV.Aging cell · 2025Article
- Synergistic Activity of Second Mitochondrial-Derived Activator of Caspases Mimetic with Toll-like Receptor 8 Agonist Reverses HIV-1-Latency and Enhances Antiviral Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction play a key role in the development of non-AIDS-related comorbidities. The aim of our study was to characterize the functional phenotype of immune cells in people living with HIV (PLHIV). We enrolled a cross-sectional cohort study of PLHIV on stable antiretroviral therapy and healthy controls. We assessed ex vivo cytokine production capacity and transcriptomics of monocytes and T cells upon bacterial, fungal, and viral stimulation. PLHIV exhibited an exacerbated proinflammatory profile in monocyte-derived cytokines, but not in lymphocyte-derived cytokines. Particularly, the production of the IL-1β to imiquimod, E. coli LPS, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was increased, and this production correlated with plasma concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and soluble CD14. This increase in monocyte responsiveness remained stable over time in subsequent blood sampling after more than 1 year. Transcriptome analyses confirmed priming of the monocyte IL-1β pathway, consistent with a monocyte-trained immunity phenotype. Increased plasma concentrations of β-glucan, a well-known inducer of trained immunity, were associated with increased innate cytokine responses. Monocytes of PLHIV exhibited a sustained proinflammatory immune phenotype with priming of the IL-1β pathway. Training of the innate immune system in PLHIV likely plays a role in long-term HIV complications and provides a promising therapeutic target for inflammation-related comorbidities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.