Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33629949›Full record

ArticleJournal of medical microbiology2021

Normal breathing releases SARS-CoV-2 into the air.

Piero Di Carlo, Katia Falasca, Claudio Ucciferri, Bruna Sinjari, Eleonora Aruffo, Ivana Antonucci, Alessandra Di Serafino, Arianna Pompilio, Verena Damiani, Domitilla Mandatori and 7 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medical microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Mechanisms, Techniques and Devices of Airborne Virus Detection: A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Piero Di CarloUniversity "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Chieti, Italy.
Katia FalascaUniversity "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Chieti, Italy.
Claudio UcciferriUniversity "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Chieti, Italy.
Bruna SinjariUniversity "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Chieti, Italy.
Eleonora AruffoUniversity "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, Chieti, Italy.
Ivana AntonucciCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Alessandra Di SerafinoCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Arianna PompilioCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Verena DamianiCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Domitilla MandatoriCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Simone De FabritiisCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Beatrice DufrusineCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Emily CaponeUniversity "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Chieti, Italy.
Piero ChiacchiarettaUniversity "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Chieti, Italy.
William H BrunePennsylvania State University, Department Meteorology and Atmospheric Science, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
Giovanni Di BonaventuraCenter for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Jacopo VecchietUniversity "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Chieti, Italy.
University of Chieti-Pescara · ITPennsylvania State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study tests the release of SARS-CoV-2 RNA into the air during normal breathing, without any sign of possible risk of contagion such as coughing, sneezing or talking. Five patients underwent oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal and salivary swabs for real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Direct SARS-CoV-2 release during normal breathing was also investigated by RT-PCR in air samples collected using a microbiological sampler. Viral RNA was detected in air at 1 cm from the mouth of patients whose oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal and salivary swabs tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. In contrast, the viral RNA was not identified in the exhaled air from patients with oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal and salivary swabs that tested negative. Contagion of SARS-CoV-2 is possible by being very close to the mouth of someone who is infected, asymptomatic and simply breathing.

Indexed as

Air MicrobiologyAerosolsAgedCOVID-19COVID-19 Nucleic Acid TestingCross InfectionHospitalsHumansItalyNasopharynxOropharynxPatient IsolatorsSalivaSARS-CoV-2AerosolsAerosolCoViD-19InfectionRT-PCRSARS-CoV-2 RNAViral RNA

Identifiers

PMID33629949
PMCPMC8346733
OpenAlexW3130073284

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.