ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2021
Psychosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): 40-year experience of a specialist centre.
Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychosis in patients with systematic lupus erythematosus: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.Lupus · 2026Pooled it
- Decoding Neuropsychiatric Lupus: A Systematic Review of Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate and Anti-ribosomal P Antibodies.Cureus · 2026Review
- Patients with recent-onset systemic lupus erythematosus use more antidepressant medication than matched controls: A case-control study.Medicine · 2026Observational
- Diffuse neuropsychiatric lupus: Clinical evidence, immune-mediated mechanisms, and therapeutic insights.Seminars in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Pharmacological Mechanism of Chinese Medicine in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Narrative Review.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2025Review
- Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric lupus.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2024Review
- Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An Update.Paediatric drugs · 2024Review
- Neuropsychiatric prodromes and symptom timings in relation to disease onset and/or flares in SLE: results from the mixed methods international INSPIRE study.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Shifting levels of peripheral inflammatory profiles as an indicator for comorbid multiple autoimmune diseases and bipolar disorder: a case report.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Long-Term Course of Neural Autoantibody-Associated Psychiatric Disorders: Retrospective Data from a Specifically Immunopsychiatric Outpatient Clinic.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation alleviated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus through reducing MDSCs.Stem cell research & therapy · 2022Article
- Association betweenJournal of translational autoimmunity · 2022Review
- Biomarkers Associated with Organ-Specific Involvement in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe long-term outcome of psychosis in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been insufficiently characterised. We used a specialist centre cohort of patients with SLE and psychosis to investigate their clinical outcome and phenotypic and laboratory characteristics.
methodsRetrospective cohort study of 709 SLE patients seen at a specialist centre between January 1978 and November 2018. Clinical, biochemical and immunological characteristics (Bonferroni corrected), and serum neuronal surface antibody profile using novel cell-based assays, were compared between patients with and without psychosis.
resultsEighteen (18/709, 2.5%) patients developed lupus psychosis over a mean ± SD of 17.5 ± 11.0 years follow-up. Psychosis fully remitted in 66.7% (12/18) with a combination of antipsychotic (in 38.9%) and immunosuppressive therapy (methylprednisolone 72.2%, cyclophosphamide 55.6%, rituximab 16.7%, plasma exchange 27.8%, prednisolone 50%). Patients who developed lupus psychosis may be more likely to have anti-RNP antibodies (50.0% vs 26.5%) and less likely to have anti-cardiolipin antibodies (5.6% vs 30.0%), but this was not significant in our small sample. Neuronal surface autoantibody tests found GABABR autoantibodies in 3/10 (30.0%) lupus psychosis patients compared with only 3/27 (11.1%) in age- and sex-matched SLE controls using fixed cell-based assays (P =0.114). However, GABABR antibodies were not replicated using a live cell-based assay. NMDAR-antibodies were not detected with fixed or live cell assays in any samples.
conclusionLupus psychosis is rare but treatable. In this rare sample of eighteen patients from a 40-year cohort, no significant biomarker was found, but some preliminary associations warrant further exploration in a larger multicentre analysis.
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