ReviewCureus2021
Clinical Efficacy of Intravenous Immunoglobulins in Management of Toxic Shock Syndrome: An Updated Literature Review.
Review in Cureus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin versus albumin 4% in paediatric toxic shock syndrome: a randomised controlled feasibility study.Archives of disease in childhood · 2024Trial
- Modes of (Inter)Actions of Polyvalent Immunoglobulins: Nonclinical and Clinical Research in Severe Bacterial Infections.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- [Research progress on toxic shock syndrome due to group AZhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026Review
- The virulence toolkit of Staphylococcus aureus: a comprehensive review of toxin diversity, molecular mechanisms, and clinical implications.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025Review
- Comparison of methylprednisolone alone versus intravenous immunoglobulin plus methylprednisolone for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Article
- Article
- The use of intravenous immunoglobulin in intensive care.BJA education · 2024Review
- Review
- State of the Art of Invasive Group A Streptococcus Infection in Children: A Scoping Review of the Literature with a Focus on Predictors of Invasive Infection.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Clinical Profile, Intensive Care Needs, and Short-Term Outcome of Toxic Shock Syndrome Among Children: A 10-Year Single-Centre Experience from North India.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Sepsis-Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Concepts.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is an uncommon complication of infection caused by streptococci and staphylococci. It is associated with a high mortality rate. When evaluating patients with shock symptoms from skin or soft tissue sources, a high index of suspicion for TSS must be maintained. Prompt diagnosis and integrative management with surgical intervention, antibiotics, hemodynamic stabilization, and adjuvants like intravenous immunoglobulins improve survival.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.