Articlei-Perception
A Comparison of Eye Tracking Latencies Among Several Commercial Head-Mounted Displays.
Article in i-Perception. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Application of Eye Tracking Technology in Aviation, Maritime, and Construction Industries: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- From zero to lab: Guidelines and practical implementation for building a multimodal experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience laboratory.Behavior research methods · 2026Article
- Eye tracking as a digital biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases.Journal of neurology · 2026Review
- The effect of pupil size on data quality in head-mounted eye trackers.Behavior research methods · 2025Article
- A method for measuring closed-loop latency in gaze-contingent rendering without extra equipment.Behavior research methods · 2025Article
- Virtual street crossing and scanning behavior in people with hemianopia: A step toward successful crossings.Journal of vision · 2025Article
- Spatial incoherence-driven optical reconstruction of holograms with observer shift-invariance.Light, science & applications · 2025Article
- The fundamentals of eye tracking part 4: Tools for conducting an eye tracking study.Behavior research methods · 2025Article
- A comparative analysis of perceptual noise in lateral and depth motion: Evidence from eye tracking.Journal of vision · 2025Article
- Failure to replicate the Aubert-Fleischl effect.PloS one · 2025Article
- A modular machine learning tool for holistic and fine-grained behavioral analysis.Behavior research methods · 2024Article
- Improving Eye-Tracking Data Quality: A Framework for Reproducible Evaluation of Detection Algorithms.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Eye and head movements in visual search in the extended field of view.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Ambient and focal attention during complex problem-solving: preliminary evidence from real-world eye movement data.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- A method for synchronized use of EEG and eye tracking in fully immersive VR.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- Advancements in eye movement measurement technologies for assessing neurodegenerative diseases.Frontiers in digital health · 2024Review
- Eye Tracking in Virtual Reality: a Broad Review of Applications and Challenges.Virtual reality · 2023Article
- Eye tracking: empirical foundations for a minimal reporting guideline.Behavior research methods · 2023Review
- Avatar error in your favor: Embodied avatars can fix users' mistakes without them noticing.PloS one · 2023Article
- Application of Spatial Cues and Optical Distortions as Augmentations during Virtual Reality (VR) Gaming: The Multifaceted Effects of Assistance for Eccentric Viewing Training.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A number of virtual reality head-mounted displays (HMDs) with integrated eye trackers have recently become commercially available. If their eye tracking latency is low and reliable enough for gaze-contingent rendering, this may open up many interesting opportunities for researchers. We measured eye tracking latencies for the Fove-0, the Varjo VR-1, and the High Tech Computer Corporation (HTC) Vive Pro Eye using simultaneous electrooculography measurements. We determined the time from the occurrence of an eye position change to its availability as a data sample from the eye tracker (delay) and the time from an eye position change to the earliest possible change of the display content (latency). For each test and each device, participants performed 60 saccades between two targets 20° of visual angle apart. The targets were continuously visible in the HMD, and the saccades were instructed by an auditory cue. Data collection and eye tracking calibration were done using the recommended scripts for each device in Unity3D. The Vive Pro Eye was recorded twice, once using the SteamVR SDK and once using the Tobii XR SDK. Our results show clear differences between the HMDs. Delays ranged from 15 ms to 52 ms, and the latencies ranged from 45 ms to 81 ms. The Fove-0 appears to be the fastest device and best suited for gaze-contingent rendering.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.