ArticlePain research & management2021
An Objective Pain Score for Chronic Pain Clinic Patients.
Article in Pain research & management, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Clinical, neurophysiological and neurochemical effects of non-invasive electrical brain stimulation in fibromyalgia syndrome-a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Feedforward control with personalized nursing measures on respiratory function and psychological status in patients with advanced lung cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evaluating low back pain through electrodermal activity: a systematic review protocol.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Corrugator Muscle Activity Associated with Pressure Pain in Adults with Neck/Shoulder Pain.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of Cognitive Restructuring on Intensity of Pain in Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study in Oncology Department of Tertiary Care Hospital.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2022Article
- Exhaled-Breath Testing Using an Electronic Nose during Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients with Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: An Experimental Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Although numerous studies have looked at the numeric rating scale (NRS) in chronic pain patients and several studies have evaluated objective pain scales, no known studies have assessed an objective pain scale for use in the evaluation of adult chronic pain patients in the outpatient setting. Subjective scales require patients to convert a subjective feeling into a quantitative number. Meanwhile, objective pain scales utilize, for the most part, the patient's behavioral component as observed by the provider in addition to the patient's subjective perception of pain. This study aims to examine the reliability and validity of an objective Chronic Pain Behavioral Pain Scale for Adults (CBPS) as compared to the traditional NRS. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients were assessed before and after an interventional pain procedure by a researcher and a nurse using the CBPS and the NRS. Interrater reliability, concurrent validity, and construct validity were analyzed. Results: Interrater reliability revealed a fair-good agreement between the nurse's and researcher's CBPS scores, weighted kappa values of 0.59 and 0.65, preprocedure and postprocedure, respectively. Concurrent validity showed low positive correlation for the preprocedure measurements, 0.34 (95% CI 0.16-0.50) and 0.47 (95% CI 0.31-0.61), and moderate positive correlation for the postprocedure measurements, 0.68 (95% CI 0.56-0.77) and 0.67 (95% CI 0.55-0.77), for the nurses and researchers, respectively. Construct validity demonstrated an equally average significant reduction in pain from preprocedure to postprocedure, CBPS and NRS median (IQR) scores preprocedure (4 (2-6) and 6 (4-8)) and postprocedure (1 (0-2) and 3 (0-5)),
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