ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2021
A Comprehensive Review on Factors Influences Biogenesis, Functions, Therapeutic and Clinical Implications of Exosomes.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 205 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
205 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Intra-articular injection of exosomes derived from different stem cells in animal models of osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta- analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Pooled it
- Nanoparticles in gynecologic cancers: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of the diagnostic value of exosomal miR-21 as a biomarker for the prediction of cancer.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2021Pooled it
- Biology and Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes, Targeted Drug Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Identifying Potential Exosome-Derived mRNA Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prediction of Breast Cancer Using Machine-Learning Approaches.Interdisciplinary sciences, computational life sciences · 2026Article
- Incorporating exosomes in tissue engineering scaffolds: pave the way toward clinical application.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Review
- CD4 + T cell-derived exosomal miR-223-3p serves as a potential biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus and attenuates lupus nephritis in NZBWF1/J mice.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- The role of autophagy in spinal cord injury: Mechanisms, crosstalk, and therapeutic strategies.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Small Vesicles Big Impact: Exosomes in the Landscape of Women's Health.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Review
- Exosomes as Disease-Informed Nanoplatforms for Pulmonary Fibrosis: From Pathogenic Signaling to Precision Diagnosis and Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Dental pulp stem cell exosomes promote angiogenesis via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to treat androgenetic alopecia.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Dysregulation of Extracellular Vesicle Concentration, MicroRNAs, and Surface Proteins in Patients With Niemann-Pick Disease Type C.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Ginseng Biomacromolecules: Integrating Nutrition and Health, a New Direction in Phytomedicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Exercise-derived exosomes: molecular mediators of systemic health and disease therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Caveolin-1 drives immunosuppression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by enhancing exosome secretion and macrophage M2 polarization via inhibition of MVB autophagic degradation.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Therapeutic effect of amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome-rich conditioned medium in cerebral palsy model.Stem cells translational medicine · 2026Article
- Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles: Mechanisms of Cross-Kingdom Regulation and Perspectives as Natural Drug Carriers for Disease Treatment.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Research Progress on Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Small Size Vesicles for the Treatment of Liver Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Research progress on the interaction mechanisms and functions between exosomes and the cytoskeleton.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
145 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale-sized membrane vesicles secreted by almost all cell types into the extracellular environment upon fusion of multivesicular bodies and plasma membrane. Biogenesis of exosomes is a protein quality control mechanism, and once released, exosomes transmit signals to other cells. The applications of exosomes have increased immensely in biomedical fields owing to their cell-specific cargos that facilitate intercellular communications with neighboring cells through the transfer of biologically active compounds. The diverse constituents of exosomes reflect their cell of origin and their detection in biological fluids represents a diagnostic marker for various diseases. Exosome research is expanding rapidly due to the potential for clinical application to therapeutics and diagnosis. However, several aspects of exosome biology remain elusive. To discover the use of exosomes in the biomedical applications, we must better understand the basic molecular mechanisms underlying their biogenesis and function. In this comprehensive review, we describe factors involved in exosomes biogenesis and the role of exosomes in intercellular signaling and cell-cell communications, immune responses, cellular homeostasis, autophagy, and infectious diseases. In addition, we discuss the role of exosomes as diagnostic markers, and their therapeutic and clinical implications. Furthermore, we addressed the challenges and outstanding developments in exosome research, and discuss future perspectives.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.