ArticlePediatric research2021
Early clinical and MRI biomarkers of cognitive and motor outcomes in very preterm born infants.
Article in Pediatric research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Machine learning techniques for predicting neurodevelopmental impairments in premature infants: a systematic review.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2025Pooled it
- High-risk infant follow-up: current practice and factors determining eligibility.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Brain MRI before and at term equivalent age predicts motor and cognitive outcomes in very preterm infants.Neuroimage. Reports · 2025Article
- Neonatal brain MRI to prognosticate neurodevelopmental outcomes in fetal growth restricted infants: a systematic review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Diagnostic accuracy of the Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination in predicting motor outcome at 12 months for infants born very preterm.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2023Article
- Neurological examination at 32-weeks postmenstrual age predicts 12-month cognitive outcomes in very preterm-born infants.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Early detection of developmental delay in infants born very preterm or with very low birthweight.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2023Article
- Early Motor Repertoire of Very Preterm Infants and Relationships with 2-Year Neurodevelopment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Functional movement assessment with the Test of Infant Motor Performance.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to identify which MRI and clinical assessments, alone or in combination, from (i) early (32 weeks postmenstrual age, PMA), (ii) term equivalent age (TEA) and (iii) 3 months corrected age (CA) are associated with motor or cognitive outcomes at 2 years CA in infants born <31 weeks gestation.
methodsProspective cohort study of 98 infants who underwent early and TEA MRI (n = 59 males; median birth gestational age 28 + 5 weeks). Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination (HNNE), NICU Neonatal Neurobehavioural Scale and General Movements Assessment (GMs) were performed early and at TEA. Premie-Neuro was performed early and GMs, Test of Infant Motor Performance and visual assessment were performed at TEA and 3 months CA. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were determined using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd edition.
resultsThe best combined motor outcome model included 3-month GMs (β = -11.41; 95% CI = -17.34, -5.49), TEA MRI deep grey matter score (β = -6.23; 95% CI = -9.47, -2.99) and early HNNE reflexes (β = 3.51; 95% CI = 0.86, 6.16). Combined cognitive model included 3-month GMs (β = -10.01; 95% CI = -15.90, -4.12) and TEA HNNE score (β = 1.33; 95% CI = 0.57, 2.08).
conclusionEarly neonatal neurological assessment improves associations with motor outcomes when combined with term MRI and 3-month GMs. Term neurological assessment combined with 3-month GMs improves associations with cognitive outcomes. IMPACT: We present associations between 32- and 40-week MRI, comprehensive clinical assessments and later 2-year motor and cognitive outcomes for children born <31 weeks gestation. MRI and clinical assessment of motor, neurological and neurobehavioural function earlier than term equivalent age in very preterm infants is safe and becoming more available in clinical settings. Most of these children are discharged from hospital before term age and so completing assessments prior to discharge can assist with follow up. MRI and neurological assessment prior to term equivalent age while the child is still in hospital can provide earlier identification of children at highest risk of adverse outcomes and guide follow-up screening and intervention services.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.