ArticleNPJ digital medicine2021
Smartphone-based symbol-digit modalities test reliably captures brain damage in multiple sclerosis.
Article in NPJ digital medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- An update on tests used for intraoperative monitoring of cognition during awake craniotomy.Acta neurochirurgica · 2024Pooled it
- Current Status and Future Opportunities in Modeling Clinical Characteristics of Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Clemastine fumarate accelerates accumulation of disability in progressive multiple sclerosis by enhancing pyroptosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Trial
- A smartphone sensor-based digital outcome assessment of multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2022Trial
- Using Smartphones to Reduce Research Burden in a Neurodegenerative Population and Assessing Participant Adherence: A Randomized Clinical Trial and Two Observational Studies.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2022Trial
- Clinical telemonitoring and telerehabilitation of cognition in rare neurological diseases: a scoping review.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- The practice effect of smartphone-derived cognitive processing speed assessments as a proxy of cognitive functioning in multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Assessing verbal and spatial memory via smartphone.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Monitoring cognition in multiple sclerosis via adaptive smartphone games-first insights from a validation study.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Review
- Plateau of practice effects and noise with repeat SDMT testing in multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2025Article
- Differential Validity in the Written, Oral, and Electronic SDMT in Multiple Sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2025Article
- Investigating Measurement Equivalence of Smartphone Sensor-Based Assessments: Remote, Digital, Bring-Your-Own-Device Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- A New Smartphone-Based Cognitive Screening Battery for Multiple Sclerosis (icognition): Validation Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- CoGames: Development of an adaptive smartphone-based and gamified monitoring tool for cognitive function in Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2025Observational
- Biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease modification using adaptive cognitive assessments to improve responsiveness-a simulation study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Development and validation of an electronic Symbol-Digit Modalities Test for remote monitoring of people with multiple sclerosis.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Measuring Disease Progression in Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Drug Trials and Impact on Future Patient Care.CNS drugs · 2025Review
- Sensor-Derived Measures of Motor and Cognitive Functions in People With Multiple Sclerosis Using Unsupervised Smartphone-Based Assessments: Proof-of-Concept Study.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Digital outcome measures are associated with brain atrophy in patients with multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As the burden of neurodegenerative diseases increases, time-limited clinic encounters do not allow quantification of complex neurological functions. Patient-collected digital biomarkers may remedy this, if they provide reliable information. However, psychometric properties of digital tools remain largely un-assessed. We developed a smartphone adaptation of the cognitive test, the Symbol-Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) by randomizing the test's symbol-number codes and testing sequences. The smartphone SDMT showed comparable psychometric properties in 154 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and 39 healthy volunteers (HV). E.g., smartphone SDMT achieved slightly higher correlations with cognitive subscores of neurological examinations and with brain injury measured by MRI (R
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.