ArticleJournal of biomedical optics2021
Visualization of superficial vein dynamics in dorsal hand by near-infrared imaging in response to elevated local temperature.
Article in Journal of biomedical optics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Estimation of core body temperature by near-infrared imaging of vein diameter change in the dorsal hand.Biomedical optics express · 2021Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
significanceDry or moist skin-contact thermal stimulation for vein puncture (VP) and vein cannulation (VC) may not be feasible for sensitive skin. For a damaged, burned, or dark skin, near-infrared (NIR) imaging is preferred to visualize a vein. Postprocessing of NIR images is always required because the skin is a reflective material and veins need segmentation for quantitative analysis.
aimOur pilot study aims to observe the effect of noncontact local heating on the superficial metacarpal veins in the dorsal surface of the hand and to visualize vein dynamics using an NIR imaging system. APPROACH: Our experiment consists of studies A and B at two ambient temperatures, 19°C and 25°C. A simple reflection-based NIR imaging system was installed to acquire sequential vein images for 5 min before and after applying 10 min of radiant thermal stimulation. To measure the vein diameter (VD), we trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) on sequential raw images to predict vein-segmentation masks as output images. Later these masked images were postprocessed for the VD measurements.
resultsThe average VD was significantly increased after thermal stimulation in study A. The maximum increments in VD were 39.3% and 9.19%, 1 min after thermal stimulation in studies A and B, respectively. Both the VD and skin temperature (Tskin) follow negative exponentials in time, and the VD is proportional to Tskin. A multiple linear-regression model was made to predict the final VD. A significant difference was observed in the change of the VD.
conclusionsNIR imaging with CNN can be used for quantitative analyses of vein dynamics. This finding can be further extended to develop real-time, image-guided medical devices by integrating them with a radiant heater and to assist medical practitioners in achieving high success rates for VP or VC.
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