ArticleAddiction & health2020
Chronic Exposure to Morphine Leads to a Reduced Affective Pain Response in the Presence of Hyperalgesia in an Animal Model of Empathy.
Article in Addiction & health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Nicotine Administration in an Enriched Environment on the Behavior of Male MK-801-Exposed Rats.Addiction & health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEmpathy is the capability to represent the mental and emotional states of other subjects. Previous studies have demonstrated a possible correlation between morphine addiction and altered empathy response in morphine-addicted subjects. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of chronic morphine exposure as an animal model of morphine addiction on empathic changes in affective and sensory pain.
methodsAdult male Wistar rats (3 months old) were used for the current study. Animals were grouped in cages of two (n = 8 for each group) and one animal was selected as the pain observer group. Pain observer animals received either saline or morphine (10 mg/kg, twice daily for 8 days). At ninth day, formalin [50 µg, 5%, subcutaneous (SC)] was injected into the hindpaw of the cagemate and placed inside the cage. Elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field test (OFT) were recruited to evaluate anxiety; hot plate and tail flick tests were used to assay sensory pain. Conditioned place aversion (CPA) was also measured as indicator of affective pain component.
findingsChronic morphine exposure led to a reduced level of anxiety in EPM and OFT assays. An opioid-induced hyperalgesia was observed in the sensory pain assays, while there was a reduced affective pain in the CPA paradigm in morphine-treated animals.
conclusionIt might be plausible that chronic morphine exposure might alter empathy for pain through affective and not sensory pain pathways.
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