ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2021
Molecular Features of Cancer-associated Fibroblast Subtypes and their Implication on Cancer Pathogenesis, Prognosis, and Immunotherapy Resistance.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 238 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
238 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 415 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic Performance of Positron Emission Tomography with Fibroblast-Activating Protein Inhibitors in Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Three-Year Follow-Up of Neoadjuvant Tislelizumab with Chemotherapy in Locally Advanced Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma: Revealing Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Heterogeneity Corresponding to PD-1 Blockade Efficacy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Trial
- Tumor cell-released autophagosome (TRAP) programs inflammatory CAFs to drive the immune-excluded TIME through C3a.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Myofibroblast-Like CAFs in Metastatic Lymph Nodes Drive Tumor Stemness and Poor Prognosis in Head and Neck Cancer.Cancer science · 2026Article
- CD39British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Tumor evolution: signaling pathways, molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Molecular and Immune Landscape of Recurrent and/or Distant Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: An EORTC/IMMUCAN Project.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- Super-Enhancer Formation in Scirrhous Gastric CAFs, and the Presence of a Stromal Field in Non-Cancerous Tissues.Cancer science · 2026Article
- A single-cell and machine learning framework identifies CAFs-associated signatures linking stromal heterogeneity to immune regulation in pancreatic cancer.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Dissecting oral premalignant carcinogenesis: spatial omics mechanisms and nanomedicine-driven therapeutic innovation.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblast subtypes in the prostate cancer microenvironment and their clinical implications: prognostic model construction and therapeutic target exploration based on bioinformatics analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Functional consistency and molecular evolution: a comprehensive characterization of primary endometrial cancer-associated fibroblasts during in vitro expansion.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- CXCL9/SPP1-polarized tumor-associated macrophages exert dual roles in regulating anti-tumor immunity in lung adenocarcinoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- PI3K and MAPK Signaling Nodes Serve as Divergent Drivers of Phenotypic Plasticity in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Colorectal Cancer.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Genipin-Crosslinked, Silane-Anchored 3D Tumor-Stroma Microtissues for High-Content On-Chip Drug Testing.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Article
- Decoding the CAF-TAM axis: multi-omics dissection and therapeutic targeting of stromal-immune crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment.Cell death & disease · 2026Review
- Genomic and Immune Landscape of Recurrent and/or Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Progressing on Anti-PD-1 Treatment.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- POSTNOncology reports · 2026Article
178 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an important component of the tumor microenvironment, but a systematic investigation of their molecular characteristics and clinical relevance are lacking. Here, we sought to compare CAFs across multiple cancer types to identify critical molecular pathways activated in CAF subtypes, which may contribute to clinical outcome, disease progression, and immunotherapy resistance. EXPERIMENTAL
designWe performed integrated analysis of CAFs from melanoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and lung cancer, and identified the molecular characteristics that are distinctly active in each CAF subtype. Gene signatures for individual CAF subtypes were identified and used to study the association of subtype abundance with clinical outcome and immunotherapy resistance.
resultsWe identified six CAF subtypes (pan-CAF) shared across cancer types and uncovered the molecular characteristics and genetic pathways distinguishing them. Interestingly, these CAF subtypes express distinct immunosuppressive factors, such as CXCL12 and CXLC14, and stem cell-promoting factor IL6. In addition, we identified novel transcriptional drivers (MEF2C, TWIST1, NR1H3, RELB, and FOXM1) key to CAF heterogeneity. Furthermore, we showed that CAF subtypes were associated with different clinical outcomes and uncovered key molecular pathways that could activate or suppress cancer progression or were involved in resistance to anti-PD1 or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy.
conclusionsOur study identifies the molecular characteristics of CAF subtypes shared across several cancer types, implicates cancer types that may benefit from CAF subtype targeted therapies, and identifies specific CAF subtypes associated with immunotherapy resistance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.