Trial reportJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2021
A usability study in patients with stroke using MERLIN, a robotic system based on serious games for upper limb rehabilitation in the home setting.
Trial report in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04405609 (Usability Study of "ArmAssist 2.0." Robot), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Usability Study of "ArmAssist 2.0." Robot: Homecare Arm Rehabilitation in Acute, Subacute and Chronic Stroke Patients
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research trends and hotspots of post-stroke upper limb dysfunction: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Motivation as a Measurable Outcome in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review of the Literature.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Unsupervised robot-assisted rehabilitation after stroke: feasibility, effect on therapy dose, and user experience.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Trial
- Robotic arm training in neurorehabilitation enhanced by augmented reality - a usability and feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2023Trial
- Validation of the Taiwan Chinese Version of the Assistive Technology Usability Questionnaire for People With Neurological Diseases for Wearable Robotic Exoskeletons: Usability Study.JMIR human factors · 2026Article
- 360°-Based Cognitive-Motor Training System for Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: User-Centered Design and Evaluation Study.JMIR aging · 2026Article
- Usability testing of an upper-extremity rehabilitation robot for stroke rehabilitation.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Patient's healthcare needs in the traditional and technological neuro-rehabilitation field: a survey methodological approach.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- Tools and methods for assessing the usability and related aspects of usability of extended reality and telerehabilitation technologies in stroke rehabilitation: a scoping review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Review
- A foundational architecture for AI agents in healthcare.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- A novel seamless magnetic-based actuating mechanism for end-effector-based robotic rehabilitation platforms.IEEE robotics and automation letters · 2025Article
- Dynamic Modeling and Simulation Analysis of an Arm Rehabilitation Robot With Mobile Platform.Applied bionics and biomechanics · 2025Article
- Exploring How Older Adults Experience semAPP, a 360° Media-Based Tool for Memory Assessment: Qualitative Study.JMIR aging · 2024Article
- Telerehabilitation using a 2-D planar arm rehabilitation robot for hemiparetic stroke: a feasibility study of clinic-to-home exergaming therapy.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Observational
- Article
- A usability study on mobile EMG-guided wrist extension training in subacute stroke patients-MyoGuide.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Detection of Rehabilitation Training Effect of Upper Limb Movement Disorder Based on MPL-CNN.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Designing for usability: development and evaluation of a portable minimally-actuated haptic hand and forearm trainer for unsupervised stroke rehabilitation.Frontiers in neurorobotics · 2024Article
- The use of home-based digital technology to support post-stroke upper limb rehabilitation: A scoping review.Clinical rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Max Well-Being: a modular platform for the gamification of rehabilitation.Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNeuroscience and neurotechnology are transforming stroke rehabilitation. Robotic devices, in addition to telerehabilitation, are increasingly being used to train the upper limbs after stroke, and their use at home allows us to extend institutional rehabilitation by increasing and prolonging therapy. The aim of this study is to assess the usability of the MERLIN robotic system based on serious games for upper limb rehabilitation in people with stroke in the home environment.
methods9 participants with a stroke in three different stages of recovery (subacute, short-term chronic and long-term chronic) with impaired arm/hand function, were recruited to use the MERLIN system for 3 weeks: 1 week training at the Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), and 2 weeks at the patients' homes. To evaluate usability, the System Usability Scale (SUS), Adapted Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI), Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology (QUEST), and the ArmAssist Usability Assessment Questionnaire were used in the post-intervention. Clinical outcomes for upper limb motor function were assessed pre- and post-intervention.
results9 patients participated in and completed the study. The usability assessment reported a high level of satisfaction: mean SUS score 71.94 % (SD = 16.38), mean QUEST scale 3.81 (SD = 0.38), and mean Adapted IMI score 6.12 (SD = 1.36). The results of the ArmAssist Questionnaire showed an average of 6 out of 7, which indicates that MERLIN is extremely intuitive, easy to learn and easy to use. Regarding clinical assessment, the Fugl-Meyer scores showed moderate improvements from pre- to post-intervention in the total score of motor function (p = 0.002). There were no significant changes in the Modified Ashworth scale outcomes (p = 0.169).
conclusionsThis usability study indicates that home-based rehabilitation for upper limbs with the MERLIN system is safe, useful, feasible and motivating. Telerehabilitation constitutes a major step forward in the use of intensive rehabilitation at home. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04405609. Registered 06 January 2020-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04405609.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.