ArticleJCI insight2021
Comorbid illnesses are associated with altered adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.
Article in JCI insight, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Comprehensive longitudinal profiling identifies differential frequency, epitope specificity, and effector function of CD8EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Persistence and decay of neutralizing antibody responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity in a Canadian cohort.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Kinetics and Durability of Antibody and T-Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Children.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2-associated lymphopenia: possible mechanisms and the role of CD147.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Diabetes and Infectious Diseases with a Focus on Melioidosis.Current microbiology · 2024Review
- Kinome and phosphoproteome reprogramming underlies the aberrant immune responses in critically ill COVID-19 patients.Clinical proteomics · 2024Article
- Diagnosing Viral Infections Through T-Cell Receptor Sequencing of Activated CD8+ T Cells.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG & Neutralizing antibodies among different categories of health care workers post third dose BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Risk of extended viral shedding of Omicron BA.2 in Shanghai: Implications for vaccination strategy optimization.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2023Article
- Breadth and Durability of SARS-CoV-2-Specific T Cell Responses following Long-Term Recovery from COVID-19.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Cytotoxic T Cells Targeting Spike Glycoprotein Are Associated with Hybrid Immunity to SARS-CoV-2.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Article
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- Effect of host factors and COVID-19 infection on the humoral immune repertoire in treated HIV.JCI insight · 2023 · on this mapArticle
- Polyfunctional antibodies: a path towards precision vaccines for vulnerable populations.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Clinical outcomes in individuals hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant (B.1.617.2) who had been vaccinated with Covishield (ChAdOx1) and Covaxin (BBV-152).IJID regions · 2022Article
- Lower SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral immunity in people living with HIV-1 recovered from nonhospitalized COVID-19.JCI insight · 2022Observational
- Article
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Comorbid medical illnesses, such as obesity and diabetes, are associated with more severe COVID-19, hospitalization, and death. However, the role of the immune system in mediating these clinical outcomes has not been determined. We used multiparameter flow cytometry and systems serology to comprehensively profile the functions of T cells and antibodies targeting spike, nucleocapsid, and envelope proteins in a convalescent cohort of COVID-19 subjects who were either hospitalized (n = 20) or not hospitalized (n = 40). To avoid confounding, subjects were matched by age, sex, ethnicity, and date of symptom onset. Surprisingly, we found that the magnitude and functional breadth of virus-specific CD4+ T cell and antibody responses were consistently higher among hospitalized subjects, particularly those with medical comorbidities. However, an integrated analysis identified more coordination between polyfunctional CD4+ T cells and antibodies targeting the S1 domain of spike among subjects who were not hospitalized. These data reveal a functionally diverse and coordinated response between T cells and antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2, which is reduced in the presence of comorbid illnesses that are known risk factors for severe COVID-19.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.