Observational studyInternational urogynecology journal2021
Treatment outcomes of overactive bladder with combined therapies of botulinum toxin injections and oral agents.
Observational study in International urogynecology journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and urodynamic benefit of adding antimuscarinics after a loss of efficacy of intradetrusor botulinum toxin in patients with multiple sclerosis.World journal of urology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTreatment options for refractory overactive bladder (OAB) following behavioral modifications and oral OAB medications remain limited. Up to 33% of women fail botulinum toxin injections (Amundsen et al. Eur Urol. 74(1):66-73, 7). This study evaluates the effectiveness of combining oral OAB agents with botulinum toxin in subjects who failed botulinum toxin therapy alone.
methodsThis is a retrospective observational study. Eligible women were those who received botulinum toxin injections for OAB between 2013 and 2018 at one academic institution. Women were given the option of oral medications as add-back therapy following failed treatment with botulinum toxin alone. Treatment response was a subjective outcome, with subjects reporting being satisfied or unsatisfied. The primary outcome was the proportion of subjects who achieved satisfactory treatment response with the combination of oral OAB medications and botulinum toxin injections. A subanalysis was performed to further investigate any risk factors associated with poor response to combination treatment. Variables were analyzed using chi-squared or Fisher's exact test and Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U when appropriate.
resultsA total of 107 charts were reviewed. Forty-five (48%) women failed botulinum toxin alone as a treatment; 26 (29%) elected to try one or more oral OAB medications. Of the 26 women who received the combination treatment, 17 (65%) reported satisfaction and 9 (35%) remained unsatisfied. Risk factors associated with treatment failure were not identified.
conclusionThis is an initial report on adding back oral OAB meds to patients who have failed botulinum toxin injections suggesting there may be a role for add-back oral OAB medications.
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