Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33619647›Full record

ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2021

Vertebral body changes after continuous spinal distraction in scoliotic children.

Sebastian Lippross, Antonia Grages, Katja A Lueders, Lena Braunschweig, Friederike Austein, Konstantinos Tsaknakis, Heiko M Lorenz, Anna K Hell

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In one paragraph

Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Continuous distraction with the one-way self-expanding rod promotes vertebral remodelling and stimulates spinal growth in early onset scoliosis: a prospective clinical trial.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sebastian Lippross *Department of Trauma, Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery, Investigations Performed At Pediatric Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
Antonia Grages *Department of Trauma, Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery, Investigations Performed At Pediatric Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
Katja A LuedersDepartment of Trauma, Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery, Investigations Performed At Pediatric Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
Lena BraunschweigDepartment of Trauma, Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery, Investigations Performed At Pediatric Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
Friederike AusteinDepartment of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Germany.
Konstantinos TsaknakisDepartment of Trauma, Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery, Investigations Performed At Pediatric Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
Heiko M LorenzDepartment of Trauma, Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery, Investigations Performed At Pediatric Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
Anna K HellDepartment of Trauma, Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery, Investigations Performed At Pediatric Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany. anna.hell@med.uni-goettingen.de.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeGrowth-friendly spinal implants (GFSI) were established for scoliotic children as an interim solution until definite spinal fusion could be performed during puberty. While deformity control was clearly proven, the effects on vertebral shape and morphology are still unclear. Our prospective study assesses the effect of GFSI with continuous distraction on vertebral body shape and volume in SMA children in comparison with previously untreated age-matched SMA patients.

methodsCohort I (n = 19, age 13.2 years) were SMA patients without prior surgical scoliosis treatment. Cohort II (n = 24, age 12.4 years) were children, who had continuous spinal distraction with GFSI for 4.5 years. Radiographic measurements and computed tomography (CT) 3D volume rendering were performed before definite spinal fusion. For cohort II, additional radiographs were analyzed before the first surgical implantation of GFSI, after surgery and every year thereafter.

resultsOur analysis revealed decreased depth and volume in scoliotic patients with prior GFSI compared to scoliotic patients without prior implants. This difference was significant for the lower thoracic and entire lumbar spine. Vertebral body height and pedicle size were unchanged between the two cohorts.

conclusionCT data showed volume reduction in the vertebral body in scoliotic children after GFSI treatment. This effect was more severe in the lumbar and lower thoracic area. While vertebral height was identical in both groups, vertebral depth was reduced in the GFSI-treated group. Reduced vertebral depth and altered vertebral morphology should be considered before instrumenting the spine in previously treated scoliotic SMA children. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: Diagnostic: individual cross-sectional studies with consistently applied reference standard and blinding.

Indexed as

ScoliosisVertebral BodyAdolescentChildCross-Sectional StudiesHumansProspective StudiesThoracic VertebraeCTGrowth-friendly implantsScoliosisVertebral body shapeVertebral volume

Identifiers

PMID33619647

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.