Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33619605›Full record

ArticleHistory and philosophy of the life sciences2021

Does anybody really know what time it is? : From biological age to biological time.

Marco J Nathan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in History and philosophy of the life sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Medawar and Hamilton on the selective forces in the evolution of ageing.History and philosophy of the life sciences · 2021
    Article
  5. Rethinking ageing: introduction.History and philosophy of the life sciences · 2021
    Article
  6. What's my age again? Age categories as interactive kinds.History and philosophy of the life sciences · 2021
    Article
  7. Aging biomarkers and the measurement of health and risk.History and philosophy of the life sciences · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Marco J NathanDepartment of Philosophy, University of Denver, 264 Sturm Hall, 2000 E. Asbury Ave., Denver, CO, 80208, USA. Marco.Nathan@du.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3675-7465

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

During his celebrated 1922 debate with Bergson, Einstein famously proclaimed: "the time of the philosopher does not exist, there remains only a psychological time that differs from the physicist's." Einstein's dictum, I maintain, has been metabolized by the natural sciences, which typically presuppose, more or less explicitly, the existence of a single, univocal, temporal substratum, ultimately determined by physics. This reductionistic assumption pervades much biological and biomedical practice. The chronological age allotted to individuals is conceived as an objective quantity, allowing one to straightforwardly assign and compare the biological age of organisms. This essay argues that the standard practice of assessing the age and aging of organisms against the backdrop of a physical conception of time is problematic. This becomes especially evident in light of recent discoveries of various levels of senescence underlying the development of individual organisms-a phenomenon known as 'age mosaicism.' The bottom line is that the study of age and aging requires a biological conception of time, as opposed to a physical one. Einstein clearly wasn't wrong about his operationalization of time in relativity theory. Still time may be less monolithic than he surmised.

Indexed as

PhilosophyTimeAgingAnimalsHumansPlant Physiological PhenomenaPlantsAge mosaicismAgingBiological ageBiological timeChronological ageChronological time

Identifiers

PMID33619605
PMCPMC7899069

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.