ArticleNature medicine2021
Malaria is a cause of iron deficiency in African children.
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In one paragraph
Article in Nature medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fish and Fish-Based Products for Nutrition and Health in the First 1000 Days: A Systematic Review of the Evidence from Low and Middle-Income Countries.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Cohort profile: the Entebbe Mother and Baby Study (EMaBS).BMJ open · 2026Trial
- Micronutrient Powders Combined With Malaria Chemoprevention to Improve Anaemia and Cognitive Function in Early Childhood in Mali: A Cluster-Randomised Trial.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Trial
- Prevalence, spatial distribution, and determinants of anemia among under-five children in the Democratic Republic of Congo: evidence from the 2023-24 DHS.International journal of health geographics · 2026Article
- Ferroptosis is a Physiologic Vulnerability of Iron-Recycling Macrophages.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Integrating genetic data with biological insight: A practical guide to cis-Mendelian randomization.American journal of human genetics · 2026Review
- Effect of Iron-Containing Micronutrient Powders on Growth and Malaria-Induced Anaemia Among Preschool Children in Ghana: A Cluster-Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Host iron deficiency protects againstScience advances · 2026Article
- Iron, copper and zinc isotope ratios in malaria infection reveal signatures of the Plasmodium biology and host mice response to the infection.Communications biology · 2026Article
- A persistent burden: global prevalence of and changes in anaemia by country income in children aged 6-59 months (2000-2019).Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Iron and the immune system.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Mendelian Randomization and Infection: Pitfalls and Promises.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Getting back on track to meet global anaemia reduction targets: a Lancet Haematology Commission.The Lancet. Haematology · 2025Review
- Iron homeostasis and cytokine responses in Gabonese children with febrile illness.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Understanding and applying gene-environment interactions: a guide for nutrition professionals with an emphasis on integration in African research settings.Nutrition reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Serum Anti-Erythropoietin Autoantibodies and Their Association With Younger Age in Paediatric Malaria Cases.BioMed research international · 2025Article
- Hepcidin: A missing link at the interface of malaria and hypertension.IJID regions · 2024Review
- Hormones in malaria infection: influence on disease severity, host physiology, and therapeutic opportunities.Bioscience reports · 2024Review
- Iron transport pathways in the human malaria parasiteFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
44 authors at 20 institutions in 14 countries.
John Muthii MuriukiKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. jmuriuki@kemri-wellcome.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4369-9547
Alexander J MentzerWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4502-2209
Ruth MitchellMedical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Emily L WebbMRC Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Anthony O EtyangKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Catherine KyobutungiAfrican Population and Health Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya.
Alireza MorovatDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5832-7992
Wandia KimitaKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Francis M NdunguKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8977-0030
Alex W MachariaKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Caroline J NgetsaKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Johnstone MakaleKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Swaib A LuleMRC/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6271-2033
Solomon K MusaniDepartment of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
Laura M RaffieldDepartment of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Clare L CutlandSouth African Medical Research Council: Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytical Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Sodiomon B SirimaGroupe de Recherche Action en Sante (GRAS), 06 BP 10248, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0972-4211
Amidou DiarraGroupe de Recherche Action en Sante (GRAS), 06 BP 10248, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Alfred B TionoGroupe de Recherche Action en Sante (GRAS), 06 BP 10248, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Michal FriedLaboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Moses GwamakaMother Offspring Malaria Studies (MOMS) Project, Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
Seth Adu-AfarwuahDepartment of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2720-5474
James P WirthGroundWork, Fläsch, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4733-0379
Rita WegmüllerGroundWork, Fläsch, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0269-1939
Shabir A MadhiSouth African Medical Research Council: Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytical Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Robert W SnowKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Adrian V S HillWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0900-9629
Kirk A RockettWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6369-9299
Manjinder S SandhuWellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
Dominic P KwiatkowskiWellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5023-0176
Andrew M PrenticeMRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5389-451X
Kendra A ByrdWorldFish, Bayan Lepas, Malaysia.
Alex NdjebayiHelen Keller International, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Christine P StewartDepartment of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Reina Engle-StoneDepartment of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Tim J GreenSAHMRi Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Crystal D KarakochukFood, Nutrition, and Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Parminder S SuchdevDepartment of Pediatrics, Emory University and Emory Global Health Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Philip BejonKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Patrick E DuffyLaboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4483-5005
George Davey SmithMedical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-8314
Alison M ElliottMRC/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.
Thomas N WilliamsKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
Sarah H AtkinsonKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Coast, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. satkinson@kemri-wellcome.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8360-4402
Kenya Medical Research Institute · KECentre for Human Genetics · GBGroupe de Recherche et d’Action sur le Foncier · BFLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBNational Institutes of Health · USSouth African Medical Research Council · ZAUniversity of Bristol · GBUniversity of California, Davis · USAfrican Population and Health Research Center · KECenter for Infectious Disease Research · USEmory University · USHelen Keller International · CMJackson Memorial Hospital · USMRC Unit the Gambia · GMOxford University Hospitals NHS Trust · GBSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute · AUUganda Virus Research Institute · UGUniversity of British Columbia · CAUniversity of Ghana · GHUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US
Funding
Malaria Pathogenesis in young children and vaccine discoveryZIAAI001134 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI DUFFY, PATRICK · 2010 to 2025
$11.3MStudies of Rare Genetic Variation in the Isolated Population of SardiniaR01HL117626 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI ABECASIS, GONCALO · 2013 to 2016
$10.5MRare variants and NHLBI traits in deeply phenotyped cohortsR01HL120393 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PSATY, BRUCE M, RICE, KENNETH M. · 2014 to 2016
$8.9MUniversity of California Global Health Institute Program for Fellows and ScholarsR25TW009343 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI COHEN, CRAIG R, STRATHDEE, STEFFANIE A. · 2012 to 2017
$6.4MThe Genetic Epidemiology of Heart, Lung, and Blood TraitsTraining Grant (GenHLB)T32HL129982 · NHLBI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Christy Leigh Avery, KAREN L. MOHLKE · 2016 to 2026
$3.8MPathogenesis of falciparum malaria in infancyR01AI052059 · NIAID · SEATTLE BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI DUFFY, PATRICK E · 2001 to 2004
$2.7MEPA EP-C-15-003FIC NIH HHS R25 TW009343Medical Research Council MC-A760-5QX00Medical Research Council MC_PC_MR/R020183/1Medical Research Council MC_U123292699Medical Research Council MC_UU_00011/1Medical Research Council MC_UU_00026/3Medical Research Council MC_UU_00027/5Medical Research Council MR/M006212/1Medical Research Council MR/R010161/1Medical Research Council U105960371Medical Research Council U1232661351NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100037CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800001CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800010INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800011CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800011INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800012CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800012INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800014CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800014INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800015INHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL117626NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL120393NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL129982NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI052059NIMHD NIH HHS HHSN268201800013IWellcome Trust 064693Wellcome Trust 079110Wellcome Trust 090532Wellcome Trust 095778Wellcome Trust 098051Wellcome Trust 103602Wellcome Trust 103951Wellcome Trust 106289Wellcome Trust 107769Wellcome Trust 110255Wellcome Trust 202800Wellcome Trust 202800/Z/16/ZWellcome Trust 203077Wellcome Trust 203141Wellcome Trust 204911/Z/16/ZWellcome Trust 206194Wellcome Trust 212176
Abstract
Malaria and iron deficiency (ID) are common and interrelated public health problems in African children. Observational data suggest that interrupting malaria transmission reduces the prevalence of ID
Indexed as
Iron DeficienciesAbsorption, PhysiologicalAdolescentAfricaChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGeographyHepcidinsHumansInfantMalariaMaleMendelian Randomization AnalysisSickle Cell TraitHepcidins
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.