Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33619367›Full record

ArticleNature materials2021

Bio-inspired mechanically adaptive materials through vibration-induced crosslinking.

Zhao Wang, Jun Wang, Jorge Ayarza, Tim Steeves, Ziying Hu, Saikat Manna, Aaron P Esser-Kahn

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
8.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 133 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Dense suspensions as trainable rheological metafluids.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
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  16. Two dimensional MoSNature communications · 2025
    Article
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  19. Hydrogel morphogenesis induced by force-controlled growth.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Zhao Wang *Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3226-3908
Jun Wang *Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Jorge AyarzaPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Tim SteevesPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Ziying HuDepartment of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Saikat MannaPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Aaron P Esser-KahnPritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. aesserkahn@uchicago.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1273-0951
University of Chicago · USNorthwestern University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In nature, bone adapts to mechanical forces it experiences, strengthening itself to match the conditions placed upon it. Here we report a composite material that adapts to the mechanical environment it experiences-varying its modulus as a function of force, time and the frequency of mechanical agitation. Adaptation in the material is managed by mechanically responsive ZnO, which controls a crosslinking reaction between a thiol and an alkene within a polymer composite gel, resulting in a mechanically driven ×66 increase in modulus. As the amount of chemical energy is a function of the mechanical energy input, the material senses and adapts its modulus along the distribution of stress, resembling the bone remodelling behaviour that materials can adapt accordingly to the loading location. Such material design might find use in a wide range of applications, from adhesives to materials that interface with biological systems.

Indexed as

Mechanical PhenomenaVibrationBiomimetic MaterialsMaterials TestingZinc OxideZinc Oxide

Identifiers

PMID33619367
OpenAlexW3131242919

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.