ArticleScientific reports2021
Severe hypoglycemia and the risk of end stage renal disease in type 2 diabetes.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diabetes progression and severe hypoglycemia: a nationwide cohort study of 2,475,605 adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- Regulation and clinical manifestations of gluconeogenesis dysfunction.npj metabolic health and disease · 2026Review
- A Nomogram Prediction Model and Validation of Hypoglycemia Risk in Patients With Decompensated Cirrhosis and Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Exogenous Insulin Antibody Syndrome in Patients with Diabetes: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Glucose control and variability assessed by continuous glucose monitoring in patients with type 1 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease.Biomedical reports · 2025Article
- Machine learning-based online prediction of nocturnal hypoglycemia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- The U-shape relationship between insulin resistance-related indexes and chronic kidney disease: a retrospective cohort study from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- Holistic and Personalized Strategies for Managing in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Patients.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2024Review
- Article
- Risk of developing chronic kidney disease in young-onset Type 2 diabetes in Korea.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Risk factors associated with the discordance in kidney function decline rate in identical twins.PloS one · 2023Article
- Reproductive Life Span and Severe Hypoglycemia Risk in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2022Article
- Hypoglycemia, Vascular Disease and Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetes: Insights from Text Mining-Based Reconstruction and Bioinformatics Analysis of the Gene Networks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We investigated the association between the incidence of severe hypoglycemia and the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Baseline and follow-up data for 988,333 participants with type 2 diabetes were retrieved from the National Health Insurance System database. The number of severe hypoglycemia episodes experienced from 2007 to 2009 was determined. The primary outcome was the development of ESRD after the baseline evaluation. Participants were followed from the baseline until death or December 31, 2016, during this period 14,545 participants (1.5%) developed ESRD. In the crude model, compared with those who experienced no severe hypoglycemia, the hazard ratios (95% confidential intervals) for developing ESRD were 4.96 (4.57-5.39), 6.84 (5.62-8.32), and 9.51 (7.14-12.66) in participants who experienced one, two, and three or more episodes of severe hypoglycemia, respectively. Further adjustment for various confounding factors attenuated the association between severe hypoglycemia and ESRD; the significance of the association between severe hypoglycemia and ESRD was maintained. Having three or more severe hypoglycemia episodes was associated with a nearly two-fold increased risk of developing ESRD. Prior episodes of severe hypoglycemia were associated with an increased risk of ESRD among Korean adults with type 2 diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.