ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2021
Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Use Is Associated with Decreased Risk of Ovarian Cancer: The Mounting Evidence of a Protective Role of Progestins.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contraceptives and cancer risks in BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Human reproduction update · 2023Pooled it
- Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Inhibits Tumorigenesis in Mouse Models of Oviductal High-Grade Serous Carcinoma.Cancers · 2025Article
- Long-acting, progestin-based contraceptives and risk of breast, gynecological, and other cancers.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- A framework for assessing interactions for risk stratification models: the example of ovarian cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023Article
- In vitro chemo-preventive efficacy of synthetic progestin Norethindrone in human epithelial ovarian cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Article
- Incessant ovulation: a review of its importance in predicting cancer risk.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Beyond the pill: contraception and the prevention of hereditary ovarian cancer.Hereditary cancer in clinical practice · 2022Review
- Risk-Reducing Options for High-Grade Serous Gynecologic Malignancy in BRCA1/2.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 15 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCombined oral contraceptive use is associated with a decreased risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (ovarian cancer). There is suggestive evidence of an inverse association between progestin-only contraceptive use and ovarian cancer risk, but previous studies have been underpowered.
methodsThe current study used primary data from 7,977 women with ovarian cancer and 11,820 control women in seven case-control studies from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium to evaluate the association between use of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), an injectable progestin-only contraceptive, and ovarian cancer risk. Logistic models were fit to determine the association between ever use of DMPA and ovarian cancer risk overall and by histotype. A systematic review of the association between DMPA use and ovarian cancer risk was conducted.
resultsEver use of DMPA was associated with a 35% decreased risk of ovarian cancer overall (OR, 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-0.85). There was a statistically significant trend of decreasing risk with increasing duration of use (
conclusionsDMPA use appears to be associated with a decreased risk of ovarian cancer in a duration-dependent manner based on the preponderance of evidence. Further study of the mechanism through which DMPA use is associated with ovarian cancer is warranted. IMPACT: The results of this study are of particular interest given the rise in popularity of progestin-releasing intrauterine devices that have a substantially lower progestin dose than that in DMPA, but may have a stronger local effect.
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