ReviewVaccine2021
Situational assessment of adult vaccine preventable disease and the potential for immunization advocacy and policy in low- and middle-income countries.
Review in Vaccine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality burden of non-COVID-19 lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Drivers of and barriers to routine adult vaccination: A systematic literature review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of Enhanced Outreach Activities on Immunization Coverage in Pakistan: Evidence from Secondary Data Analysis (2011-2021).Vaccines · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of influenza-associated lower respiratory infections, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Burden of Pneumococcal Disease and Adult Vaccination Landscape: An Overview with Data and Policy Insights from Türkiye.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2025Review
- Stakeholder readiness in the evolving adult vaccine market.iScience · 2025Article
- The Influence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Influenza Vaccination Refusal and Patient Satisfaction.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The Potential Impact of Increased Recombinant Zoster Vaccine Uptake in Older Adults Worldwide.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of pharmacist interventions on immunisation uptake: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2024Article
- A review of factors influencing vaccination policies and programs for older adults globally.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Review
- Vaccine value profile for norovirus.Vaccine · 2023Article
- Adult Immunization Policy in Korea.Infection & chemotherapy · 2023Review
- Correlates of uptake of COVID-19 vaccines and motivation to vaccinate among Malawian adults.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Parental perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs regarding vaccination of children aged 0-5 years: A qualitative study of hill-tribe communities, Thailand.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Measuring National Immunization System Performance: A Systematic Assessment of Available Resources.Global health, science and practice · 2023Review
- Planning to introduce novel tuberculosis vaccines in high burden settings: how could this be done?The Lancet. Global health · 2023Article
- COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Zambia: a glimpse at the possible challenges ahead for COVID-19 vaccination rollout in sub-Saharan Africa.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Adult immunization practices, challenges and opportunities in Central America and the Caribbean: Advisory board proceedings.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
By 2050, the number of adults over 65 years of age will be double the under-5 population, and heavily concentrated in low- and middle-income countries. Population growth and increasing life expectancies call for effective healthy aging strategies inclusive of immunization to reduce the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases, improve quality of life, and mitigate antimicrobial resistance. Based on a review of available literature on the pneumococcal disease, influenza, and herpes zoster epidemiology and economic burden, and the health systems and policy barriers for adult immunization, we identified evidence gaps and considerations for prioritizing adult immunization. The body of evidence for adult immunization and the health and economic burden of adult disease is heavily concentrated in high-income countries. The few countries reporting adult immunization policies generally focus on high-risk groups. Despite robust child immunization programs in most countries, adult immunization programs and policies lag far behind and there is a general lack of appropriate delivery platforms. Global adult disease burden and economic costs are substantial but evidence from low- and middle-income countries is limited. There is a need for a strengthened evidence base and political commitment to drive a comprehensive, global technical consensus on adult immunization.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.