SynthesisBMC family practice2021
The association between self-efficacy and self-care in essential hypertension: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC family practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07061587 (Developing A Gout Action Plan in Primary Care Setting in Singapore), which is not on this map. Cited by 86 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Developing A Gout Action Plan in Primary Care Setting in Singapore
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychological determinants of medication adherence in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta‑analysis.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Self-management interventions for common long-term conditions in low- and middle-income countries: a synthesis of current evidence.Journal of global health · 2025Pooled it
- Physical activity experience of patients with hypertension: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative literature.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Determinants of Self-Care and Home-Based Management of Hypertension: An Integrative Review.Global heart · 2023Pooled it
- A community-based health social partnership programme to enhance self-care management amongst older adults: a cluster randomised controlled hybrid implementation-effectiveness study.Age and ageing · 2025Trial
- Self-Efficacy in Hypertension Management Using e-Health Technology: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Primary Care.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Trial
- Family Self-management Program for Hypertension Management and Sodium Consumption Adherence: A Parallel Randomized Control Trial Among Family Caregivers and People With Hypertension.Journal of research in health sciences · 2024Trial
- A randomized controlled trial of a postdischarge nursing intervention for patients with decompensated cirrhosis.Hepatology communications · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Article
- Assessment of Lifestyle Self-Efficacy and Knowledge of Myocardial Infarction Symptoms Among Hypertensive Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Associations Between Physical Activity and Nutrition Self-efficacy and Self-Reported Physical Activity in Residents of Resource-limited Neighborhoods.AJPM focus · 2026Article
- Pathways associated with hypertension self-management behaviors among older adults: a PRECEDE-PROCEED theory-guided path analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Optimization of the multimorbidity management model for older adults: a study on the mediating effect of health literacy on self-efficacy and health status.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Path analysis of cardiovascular disease preventive health behavior in postmenopausal Korean women based on the I-Change model.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Exploration of patients and multidisciplinary point of view about the self-care needs of patients with a stoma: a qualitative study.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Self-Care Agency in Cardiovascular Care: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Interplay Between Self-Efficacy, Loneliness and Physical Activity.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Sociodemographic factors associated with depressive symptoms and self-care agency capacity in hypertensive older adults from Loja, Ecuador: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Psychological distress in hypertension: Prevalence and links to self-care in Gonabad, Iran.PloS one · 2026Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe successful management of hypertension requires sustained engagement in self-care behaviour such as adhering to medication regimens and diet. Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory suggests that self-efficacy is a major determinant of engagement in self-care behaviour. Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in their capacity to execute behaviours necessary to produce specific performance attainments. This systematic review of observational studies aims to summarise and evaluate the quality of evidence available to support the association between self-efficacy and engagement in self-care behaviour in hypertension.
methodsSearches were performed of the Pubmed, MEDLINE, CINAHL and OpenSIGLE databases from database inception to January 2020. Reference lists and individual journals were also hand searched. Observational studies in English quantifying self-efficacy and self-care behaviour in hypertensive adults were included. The quality of included articles was assessed with the National Institute of Health Quality Assessment Tool for observational studies.
resultsThe literature search identified 102 studies, of which 22 met the inclusion criteria for full-text review. There were 21 studies which reported that higher self-efficacy was associated with engagement in self-care behaviours including medication adherence (n = 9), physical activity (n = 2) and dietary changes (n = 1). Of these, 12 studies were rated as 'good' on the quality assessment tool and 10 were 'fair'. A common limitation in these studies was a lack of objectivity due to their reliance on self-reporting of engagement in self-care behaviour.
conclusionOur review suggests an association between self-efficacy and self-care. However, the evidence supporting this association is of low to medium quality and is limited by heterogeneity. Our findings suggest the need for further well-designed interventional studies to investigate this association.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.