ReviewExperimental neurology2021
The role of complement in brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage: A review.
Review in Experimental neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, white blood cell, and C-reactive protein predicts poor outcome and increased mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage patients: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Red Blood Cell-Derived Exosomes Deliver Complement C5 to Exacerbate Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Injury after Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Inflammation · 2026Article
- Complement in acute kidney injury: a convergent pathogenic pathway in multifactorial renal damage.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Recent research progress and future directions of intracerebral hemorrhage.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Characterizing CSF inflammatory proteomics in pediatric post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus and Anti-NMDAR encephalitis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- The Role of Complement C1qa in Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Complement Inhibition Reduces Early Erythrolysis, Attenuates Brain Injury, Hydrocephalus, and Iron Accumulation after Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Aged Rats.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Second-generation anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies for Alzheimer's disease: current landscape and future perspectives.Translational neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- Navigating challenges in hydrocephalus following intraventricular hemorrhage: a comprehensive review of current evidence.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- A new perspective on the regulation of neuroinflammation in intracerebral hemorrhage: mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Blood-brain barrier repair: potential and challenges of stem cells and exosomes in stroke treatment.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Mechanisms of hydrocephalus after intraventricular haemorrhage: a review.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Review
- Formation of Multinucleated Giant Cells after Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Characteristics and Role of Complement C3.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Circulating Blood Prognostic Biomarker Signatures for Hemorrhagic Cerebral Cavernous Malformations (CCMs).International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Normobaric hyperoxia alleviates complement C3-mediated synaptic pruning and brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- Anti-DEspR antibody treatment improves survival and reduces neurologic deficits in a hypertensive, spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (hsICH) rat model.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- High plasma complement C4 levels as a novel predictor of clinical outcome in intracerebral hemorrhage.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Cerebral edema in intracerebral hemorrhage: pathogenesis, natural history, and potential treatments from translation to clinical trials.Frontiers in stroke · 2023Review
- Brain edema formation and therapy after intracerebral hemorrhage.Neurobiology of disease · 2023Review
- Rare variants in complement system genes associate with endothelial damage after pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a significant cause of death and disability and current treatment is limited to supportive measures to reduce brain edema and secondary hematoma expansion. Current evidence suggests that the complement cascade is activated early after hemorrhage and contributes to brain edema/injury in multiple ways. The aim of this review is to summarize the most recent literature about the role of the complement cascade after ICH. Primary literature demonstrating complement mediated brain edema and neurologic injury through the membrane attack complex (MAC) as well as C3a and C5a are reviewed. Further, attenuation of brain edema and improved functional outcomes are demonstrated after inhibition of specific components of the complement cascade. Conversely, complement also plays a significant role in neurologic recovery after ICH and in other neurologic disorders. We conclude that the role of complement after ICH is complex. Understanding the role of complement after ICH is essential and may elucidate possible interventions to reduce brain edema and injury.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.