ArticlePLoS pathogens2021
A diffusible signal factor of the intestine dictates Salmonella invasion through its direct control of the virulence activator HilD.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Autoinducer-2-mediated communication network within human gut microbiota.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Regulatory Mechanisms and Physiological Impacts of Quorum Sensing in Gram-Negative Bacteria.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Review
- Major primary bile salts repressFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
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- CsrA Positively and Directly Regulates the Expression of theMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Diffusible signal factors (DSFs) bind and repress VirF, the leading virulence activator of Shigella flexneri.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Anti-infective activities of long-chain fatty acids against foodborne pathogens.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2023Review
- Fatty Acids AbolishMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
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- Inflammatory Response: A Crucial Way for Gut Microbes to Regulate Cardiovascular Diseases.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Regulatory Mechanisms between Quorum Sensing and Virulence inMicroorganisms · 2022Review
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- Mass Spectrometry-Based Targeted Lipidomics and Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms in Detecting Disease, Cultivar, and Treatment Biomarkers inFrontiers in plant science · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Successful intestinal infection by Salmonella requires optimized invasion of the gut epithelium, a function that is energetically costly. Salmonella have therefore evolved to intricately regulate the expression of their virulence determinants by utilizing specific environmental cues. Here we show that a powerful repressor of Salmonella invasion, a cis-2 unsaturated long chain fatty acid, is present in the murine large intestine. Originally identified in Xylella fastidiosa as a diffusible signal factor for quorum sensing, this fatty acid directly interacts with HilD, the master transcriptional regulator of Salmonella, and prevents hilA activation, thus inhibiting Salmonella invasion. We further identify the fatty acid binding region of HilD and show it to be selective and biased in favour of signal factors with a cis-2 unsaturation over other intestinal fatty acids. Single mutation of specific HilD amino acids to alanine prevented fatty acid binding, thereby alleviating their repressive effect on invasion. Together, these results highlight an exceedingly sensitive mechanism used by Salmonella to colonize its host by detecting and exploiting specific molecules present within the complex intestinal environment.
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