Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33616055›Full record

ArticleInternational dental journal2021

Socio-Economic Disparities in Dental Health and Dental Care Utilisation Among Older Chinese.

Chaofan Li, Nengliang Aaron Yao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International dental journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Chaofan LiTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; School of Health Care Management (Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, National Health Commission), Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China.
Nengliang Aaron YaoSchool of Health Care Management (Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, National Health Commission), Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China; Home Centered Care Institute, Schaumburg, IL, USA; University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. Electronic address: ayao@sdu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDental care is mostly excluded from healthcare coverage in China. This study examines disparities in dental care and in the costs of such care, according to insurance type and socio-economic status, among Chinese older adults.

methodsThe data were obtained from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A final sample of 5,230 respondents was included, with a mean age of 72 years. Edentulousness, any dental visit and per-patient dental care expenditure were used as outcome variables. Both unweighted and weighted logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association of socio-economic status (education, insurance type and income) associated with edentulousness and use of dental care.

resultsWe found that 28% of Chinese older adults have no remaining teeth and that only 19% had used dental care in the past year. The uninsured and those with rural resident insurance had edentulousness rates of 31%, while the edentulousness rate in those with urban employee insurance was 19%. About 13% of the uninsured study respondents and 15% of those with rural resident insurance had used dental care compared with 30% of those with urban employee insurance. Those in the highest income and education groups and those enrolled in a plan with a lower coinsurance rate had a higher likelihood of using dental care services and spending more on dental care than did those in the lowest socio-economic groups.

conclusionsDental care disparities in China may be reduced through increasing the proportion of the population with insurance and expanding the range of dental treatments covered by all three major insurance schemes.

Indexed as

Health ExpendituresInsurance, HealthAgedChinaDental CareHealthcare DisparitiesHumansInsurance CoverageLongitudinal StudiesChinaDental careSenior care

Identifiers

PMID33616055
PMCPMC9275339

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.