Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33615457›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental psychobiology2021

Maternal experiences of childhood maltreatment moderate patterns of mother-infant cortisol regulation under stress.

Jennifer E Khoury, Joseph Beeney, Ilana Shiff, Michelle Bosquet Enlow, Karlen Lyons-Ruth

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental psychobiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Maternal caregiving moderates relations between maternal childhood maltreatment and infant cortisol regulation.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025
    Article
  6. Is neglect the first form of threat?Attachment & human development · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
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  12. Article
  13. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Jennifer E KhouryCambridge Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6703-4198
Joseph BeeneyUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Ilana ShiffYork University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Michelle Bosquet EnlowHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Karlen Lyons-RuthCambridge Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Harvard University · USBoston Children's Hospital · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · USYork University · CA

Funding

Neurobiology of Mothering and Infant StressR01HD079484 · NICHD · MCLEAN HOSPITAL · PI BOSQUET ENLOW, MICHELLE A, GRANT, PATRICIA ELLEN · 2015 to 2019
$3.6M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD079484
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The relation between maternal and infant cortisol responses has been a subject of intense research over the past decade. Relatedly, it has been hypothesized that maternal history of childhood maltreatment (MCM) impacts stress regulation across generations. The current study employed four statistical approaches to determine how MCM influences the cortisol responses of 150 mothers and their 4-month-old infants during the Still-Face Paradigm. Results indicated that MCM moderated cortisol patterns in several ways. First, lower MCM mothers and infants had strong positive associations between cortisol levels measured at the same time point, whereas higher MCM mothers and infants did not show an association. Second, infants of higher MCM mothers had cortisol levels that were moderately high and remained elevated over the procedure, whereas infants of lower MCM mothers had decreasing cortisol levels over time. Third, higher MCM mothers and infants showed increasingly divergent cortisol levels over time, compared to lower MCM dyads. Finally, patterns of cross-lagged influence of infant cortisol on subsequent maternal cortisol were moderated by MCM, such that lower MCM mothers were influenced by their infants' cortisol levels at earlier time points than higher MCM mothers. These findings highlight MCM as one contributor to processes of stress regulation in the mother-infant dyad.

Indexed as

Child AbuseMothersChildFemaleHumansHydrocortisoneInfantMother-Child RelationsSalivaStress, PsychologicalHydrocortisonechild maltreatmentcortisolHPA Axismother-infant relations

Identifiers

PMID33615457
PMCPMC8593847
OpenAlexW3131259589

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.