ArticleJBMR plus2021
Elevation of Proinflammatory Cytokine HMGB1 in the Synovial Fluid of Patients With Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease and Correlation With IL-6.
Article in JBMR plus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patient-Derived iPSC-MSC Modelling Reveals Reversible GSK3-Mediated Suppression of Mesenchymal Lineage Differentiation in Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Cytokine storm in severe bacterial infections: A Mini-Review of molecular insights and treatment strategies.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- A murine distal femoral epiphysis ischemia model reveals spatiotemporal stratification of necrotic bone marrow clearance and associated inflammatory responses.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Progress in understanding Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease etiology from a molecular and cellular biology perspective.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Article
- Platelet to lymphocyte ratio was a risk factor in Perthes disease.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a childhood ischemic osteonecrosis (ON) of the femoral head associated with the elevation of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the synovial fluid. Currently, there is no effective medical therapy for patients with LCPD. In animal models of ischemic ON, articular chondrocytes produce IL-6 in response to ischemic ON induction and IL-6 receptor blockade improves bone healing. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a damage-associated molecular pattern released from dying cells. In addition, extracellular HMGB1 protein is a well-known proinflammatory cytokine elevated in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate IL-6-related proinflammatory cytokines, including HMGB1, in the synovial fluid of patients with LCPD. Our working hypothesis was that HMGB1, produced by articular chondrocytes following ischemic ON, plays an important role in IL-6 upregulation. Here, HMGB1 protein levels were significantly higher in the synovial fluid of patients with LCPD by threefold compared with controls (
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