Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33615088›Full record

ReviewPain reports

A clinical primer for the expected and potential post-COVID-19 syndromes.

Brian Walitt, Elizabeth Bartrum

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pain reports. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Long COVID Optimal Health Programme to Enhance Mental and Physical Health: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Clinical Features and Risk Factors of Post-COVID-19 Condition in Korea.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2023
    Article
  7. Cognitive deficit in post-acute COVID-19: an opportunity for EEG evaluation?Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Long COVID syndrome-associated brain fog.Journal of medical virology · 2022
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Towards a universal understanding of post COVID-19 condition.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2021
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Observational
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Brian WalittDivision of Intramural Research, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Elizabeth BartrumDivision of Intramural Research, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In late 2019, a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) spread unchecked across the world's population. With tens of millions infected, the long-term consequences of COVID-19 infection will be a major health care focus for years after the contagion subsides. Most complications stem from direct viral invasion provoking an over-exuberant inflammatory response driven by innate immune cells and activation of the clotting cascade causing thrombosis. Injury to individual organs and their protective linings are frequent presentations in respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological systems. Reviewing the historical context of postviral fatiguing symptoms seems relevant to understanding reports of uneven recoveries and persistent symptoms that are emerging as "long-haul COVID-19." The pandemic is also an unprecedented sociocultural event, transforming how people consider their health, gather in groups, and navigate their daily lives. The unprecedented sociocultural stresses of the pandemic will have an invisible, ubiquitous, and predictable impact on neurologic, endocrine, and immune functioning, even in people untouched by the virus. COVID-19 may also have a surprise or two in store, with unique clinical presentations and novel mechanisms of injury which are yet to clearly emerge. Although challenging and unfortunate, these times also represent a unique opportunity to start to unravel the physiology that underlie how viruses may trigger cancers, neurological disease, and postviral fatiguing syndromes.

Indexed as

ComplicationsCOVID-19FatigueLong haulersPost-COVID syndromeSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID33615088
PMCPMC7889402
OpenAlexW3132797351

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.