ArticleMolecular therapy oncolytics2021
Adoptive T cell immunotherapy for medullary thyroid carcinoma targeting GDNF family receptor alpha 4.
Article in Molecular therapy oncolytics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Innovative immunotherapeutic strategies for thyroid cancer: challenges and opportunities.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- New insights into the tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy of thyroid cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Engineering a juxtamembrane-targeting CAR T-cell against mesothelin: a novel binder resilient to shed antigen for enhanced efficacy against ovarian and pancreatic cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The potential of chimeric antigen receptor -T cell therapy for endocrine cancer.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Review
- Single-cell transcriptomics analysis reveals that the tumor-infiltrating B cells determine the indolent fate of papillary thyroid carcinoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- CAR-T therapy for neuroendocrine neoplasms: a review of molecular targets and clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Inhibitory effect of luteolin on the metabolism of vandetanibFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Prediction of TNFRSF9 expression and molecular pathological features in thyroid cancer using machine learning to construct Pathomics models.Endocrine · 2024Article
- Molecular genetics, therapeutics and RET inhibitor resistance for medullary thyroid carcinoma and future perspectives.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- A Proposed Modified Staging System for Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A SEER Analysis With Multicenter Validation.The oncologist · 2024Article
- CAR-T cell therapy in advanced thyroid cancer: from basic to clinical.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Review
- Research progress of plant-derived natural products in thyroid carcinoma.Frontiers in chemistry · 2023Review
- Tumor buster - where will the CAR-T cell therapy 'missile' go?Molecular cancer · 2022Review
- Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Medullary Thyroid Cancer: What Has Changed in Recent Years?Cancers · 2022Review
- CAR T-Cell-Based gene therapy for cancers: new perspectives, challenges, and clinical developments.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Lobectomy may be more appropriate for patients with early-stage medullary thyroid cancer older than 60 years old.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Signaling Dynamics of TSHR-Specific CAR-T Cells Revealed by FRET-Based Biosensors.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Update on Targeted Therapy in Medullary Thyroid Cancer.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare but often aggressive thyroid malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of less than 40% and few effective therapeutic options. Adoptive T cell immunotherapy using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells (CAR Ts) is showing encouraging results in the treatment of cancer, but development is challenged by the availability of suitable target antigens. We identified glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family receptor alpha 4 (GFRα4) as a putative antigen target for CAR-based therapy of MTC. We show that GFRα4 is highly expressed in MTC, in parafollicular cells within the thyroid from which MTC originates, and in normal thymus. We isolated two single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) targeting GFRα4 isoforms a and b by antibody phage display. CARs bearing the CD3ζ and the CD137 costimulatory domains were constructed using these GFRα4-specific scFvs. GFRα4-specific CAR Ts trigger antigen-dependent cytotoxicity and cytokine production
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.