Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33614915›Full record

ReviewMolecular therapy oncolytics2021

Tumor microenvironment and immune-related therapies of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Yixiao Qin, Xiwang Zheng, Wei Gao, Binquan Wang, Yongyan Wu

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular therapy oncolytics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Prognostic stratification using the Aarhus Composite Biomarker Score in recurrent and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. ZC3H12D upregulation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a potential prognostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yixiao QinShanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
Xiwang ZhengShanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
Wei GaoShanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
Binquan WangShanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
Yongyan WuShanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
Shanxi Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are a type of common malignant tumor, mainly manifesting as oropharyngeal, oral cavity, laryngopharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers. These highly aggressive malignant tumors reportedly affect more than 830,000 patients worldwide every year. Currently, the main treatments for HNSCC include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, as well as combination therapy. However, the overall 5-year survival rate of HNSCC has remained 50%, and it has not significantly improved in the past 10 years. Previous studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance of patients with HNSCC. In this review, we summarize the role of anti-tumor and pro-tumor immune cells, as well as extracellular components in the TME of HNSCC. We also discuss classical HNSCC immunotherapy and highlight examples of clinical trials using CTLA-4 inhibitors and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-related combination therapies. We also outline some molecules in the TME known to regulate immunosuppressive cells. Furthermore, the role and underlying mechanism of radiation therapy on the TME, immune cells, and immune response are discussed.

Indexed as

CTLA-4head and neck squamous cell carcinomaimmunotherapyPD-1PD-L1tumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID33614915
PMCPMC7878981
OpenAlexW3123839473

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.