Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33614404›Full record

ArticleUrban climate2021

Air pollution and COVID-19 lockdown in a large South American city: Santiago Metropolitan Area, Chile.

Richard Toro A, Francisco Catalán, Francesco R Urdanivia, Jhojan P Rojas, Carlos A Manzano, Rodrigo Seguel, Laura Gallardo, Mauricio Osses, Nicolás Pantoja, Manuel A Leiva-Guzman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Urban climate, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Counterintuitive PMInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
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  15. Effect of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Air Pollution in the Ostrava Region.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Richard Toro ADepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Francisco CatalánDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Francesco R UrdaniviaNational Service of Meteorology and Hydrology, Lima, Peru.
Jhojan P RojasNational Service of Meteorology and Hydrology, Lima, Peru.
Carlos A ManzanoDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Rodrigo SeguelCenter for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2, Santiago, Chile.
Laura GallardoCenter for Climate and Resilience Research (CR)2, Santiago, Chile.
Mauricio OssesDepartamento Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María (UTFSM), Santiago, Chile.
Nicolás PantojaDepartamento Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María (UTFSM), Santiago, Chile.
Manuel A Leiva-GuzmanDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The implementation of confinement and physical distancing measures to restrict people's activities and transit in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic allowed us to study how these measures affect the air quality in urban areas with high pollution rates, such as Santiago, Chile. A comparative study between the concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, NOx, CO, and O3 during the months of March to May 2020 and the corresponding concentrations during the same period in 2017-2019 is presented. A combination of surface measurements from the air quality monitoring network of the city, remote satellite measurements, and simulations of traffic activity and road transport emissions allowed us to quantify the change in the average concentrations of each pollutant. Average relative changes of traffic emissions (between 61% and 68%) implied statistically significant concentrations reductions of 54%, 13%, and 11% for NOx, CO, and PM2.5, respectively, during the pandemic period compared to historical period. In contrast, the average concentration of O3 increased by 63% during 2020 compared to 2017-2019. The nonlinear response observed in the pollution levels can be attributed to the changes in the vehicular emission patterns during the pandemic and to the role of other sources such as residential emissions or secondary PM.

Indexed as

COVID-19 lockdownTraffic emission ratesUrban air quality

Identifiers

PMID33614404
PMCPMC7881733

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.