Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33614164›Full record

ArticleJournal of systems and integrative neuroscience2020

Biotechnical development of genetic addiction risk score (GARS) and selective evidence for inclusion of polymorphic allelic risk in substance use disorder (SUD).

K Blum, A Bowirrat, D Baron, L Lott, J V Ponce, R Brewer, D Siwicki, B Boyett, M C Gondre-Lewis, D E Smith and 7 more

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of systems and integrative neuroscience, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

K BlumWestern University Health Sciences Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA.
A BowirratDepartments of Clinical Neuroscience and Population Genetics, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Department of Neuroscience, Israel.
D BaronWestern University Health Sciences Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA.
L LottDepartment of Precision Behavioral Management, Geneus Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
J V PonceDepartment of Precision Behavioral Management, Geneus Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
R BrewerDepartment of Precision Behavioral Management, Geneus Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
D SiwickiDepartment of Precision Behavioral Management, Geneus Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
B BoyettDivion of Neuroscience & Addiction Research, Pathway HealthCare, LLC, Birmingham, AL.
M C Gondre-LewisNational Human Genome Center, Howard University, Washington DC, USA.
D E SmithDepartment of Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, USA.
Thanos Panayotis KBehavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
S BadgaiyanDepartment of Precision Behavioral Management, Geneus Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
M HauserDivision Addiction Services, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingston, RI, USA.
L FriedTransformations Treatment Center, Del-Ray Beach, FL, USA.
Roy ADepartment of Psychiatry, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
B W DownsDivision of Nutrigenomics, Victory Nutrition International. Inc. Lederach, PA, USA.
R D BadgaiyanDepartment of Psychiatry, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY., USA.
Christus Health · USWestern University of Health Sciences · USHoward University · USMount Sinai Hospital · USTulane University · US

Funding

Excessive Alcohol Drinking Associated with GABA Alpha 2-Regulated TLR4 ExpressionR01AA021262 · NIAAA · HOWARD UNIVERSITY · PI AURELIAN, LAURE, GONDRE-LEWIS, MARJORIE C · 2013 to 2017
$2.3M
Dopamine Neurotransmission in Tourette SyndromeR01NS073884 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI BADGAIYAN, RAJENDRA D · 2012 to 2016
$2.2M
Detection of Dopamine Release During a Cognitive TaskR21MH073624 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BADGAIYAN, RAJENDRA D · 2005 to 2006
$368k
A Systematic Medical Approach to Reward Transformation (SMART) for Brain Health in Opioid Use DisorderR41MD012318 · NIMHD · VERSA INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS, INC. · PI BLUM, KENNETH, GONDRE-LEWIS, MARJORIE C · 2017 to 2017
$221k
NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA021262NIMHD NIH HHS R41 MD012318NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH073624NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS073884
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Research into the neurogenetic basis of addiction identified and characterized by Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) includes all drug and non-drug addictive, obsessive and compulsive behaviors. We are proposing herein that a new model for the prevention and treatment of Substance Use Disorder (SUD) a subset of RDS behaviors, based on objective biologic evidence, should be given serious consideration in the face of a drug epidemic. The development of the Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS) followed seminal research in 1990, whereby, Blum's group identified the first genetic association with severe alcoholism published in JAMA. While it is true that no one to date has provided adequate RDS free controls there have been many studies using case -controls whereby SUD has been eliminated. We argue that this deficiency needs to be addressed in the field and if adopted appropriately many spurious results would be eliminated reducing confusion regarding the role of genetics in addiction. However, an estimation, based on these previous literature results provided herein, while not representative of all association studies known to date, this sampling of case- control studies displays significant associations between alcohol and drug risk. In fact, we present a total of

Indexed as

dopamine. brain reward circuitrygenetic addiction risk score (gars®)precision addiction management (pam®)reward deficiency syndrome (rds)substance use disorder (sud)

Identifiers

PMID33614164
PMCPMC7891477
OpenAlexW3128288653

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.