SynthesisFrontiers in neurology2020
Peripheral Blood and Salivary Biomarkers of Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Neuronal Damage: Clinical and Applied Concepts.
Synthesis in Frontiers in neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02855034 (Evaluation of Discriminating Power of Two Biomarkers), which is not on this map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Discriminating Power of Two Biomarkers (Protein S100B/Copeptin) in the Evaluation of Cerebral Lesions Due to Head Injuries in Infants and Children
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- GFAP and S100B: What You Always Wanted to Know and Never Dared to Ask.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Brain-Derived Exosomal Proteins as Effective Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Biomolecules · 2021Pooled it
- Role of the Blood-Brain Barrier in the Pathophysiology of Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Schizophrenia: A Comparative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence in contact sports research: Promise and peril for predicting and preventing brain injury.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Potential of Saliva in Stroke Patients: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Bioenergetics of the combat sports brain: Between risk and resilience.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Mechanism-First Psychobiotics: Fermented Vegetables, Dairy, and Soy for Depression and Anxiety.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Eight weeks of high-intensity interval training increases peripheral serotonin transporter expression independently of promoter methylation changes.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Blood-brain barrier breakdown in traumatic brain injury: current insights and future directions.Cancer gene therapy · 2026Review
- Increased VH4+JH6+ antibody heavy chain use in plasmablasts from asymptomatic multiple sclerosis patients.Genes and immunity · 2026Article
- Colocalization and discordance between plasma and brain protein quantitative trait loci.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Silicon quantum dots for neurotheranostic applications in dopamine detection.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Advances in breath-hold diving research: a state-of-the-art review.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Review
- Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals inflammation-related molecular networks in acute mountain sickness.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Extracellular RNAs as Messengers and Early Biomarkers in Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cooling down for going up: Could selective 'brain chilling' mitigate high-altitude illness?Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Integrating cellular and soluble immune signatures of major depression with and without recent suicide attempts.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Biological Plausibility of Using Plasma Amino Acid Profile Determination as a Potential Biomarker for Pediatric Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries.Neurology international · 2025Article
- Subcellular and macrostructural immediate responders to airblast traumatic brain injury.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Within the neurovascular unit (NVU), the blood-brain barrier (BBB) operates as a key cerebrovascular interface, dynamically insulating the brain parenchyma from peripheral blood and compartments. Increased BBB permeability is clinically relevant for at least two reasons: it actively participates to the etiology of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, and it enables the diagnosis of neurological disorders based on the detection of CNS molecules in peripheral body fluids. In pathological conditions, a suite of glial, neuronal, and pericyte biomarkers can exit the brain reaching the peripheral blood and, after a process of filtration, may also appear in saliva or urine according to varying temporal trajectories. Here, we specifically examine the evidence in favor of or against the use of protein biomarkers of NVU damage and BBB permeability in traumatic head injury, including sport (sub)concussive impacts, seizure disorders, and neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer's disease. We further extend this analysis by focusing on the correlates of human extreme physiology applied to the NVU and its biomarkers. To this end, we report NVU changes after prolonged exercise, freediving, and gravitational stress, focusing on the presence of peripheral biomarkers in these conditions. The development of a biomarker toolkit will enable minimally invasive routines for the assessment of brain health in a broad spectrum of clinical, emergency, and sport settings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.