SynthesisPublic health nutrition2021
Dietary patterns associated with obesity outcomes in adults: an umbrella review of systematic reviews.
Synthesis in Public health nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- What Do Australians Eat? A Systematic Review of Dietary Patterns and Adverse Health Outcomes.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses on the Consumption of Different Food Groups and the Risk of Overweight and Obesity.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Dietary Patterns and Obesity in Chinese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Comparative effects of ketogenic diets and mediterranean diets on obesity and metabolic outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Dietary patterns in western patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a cross-sectional study using the rapid prime diet quality screener.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Adherence to the Eatwell Guide and associations with markers of adiposity: a prospective analysis within the UK Biobank cohort.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Inverse association between diet quality and the risk of osteoporotic fractures: a cross-sectional analysis.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2026Article
- Food patterns and body weight in young adulthood and associations with food consumption throughout childhood: findings from a birth-cohort study.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- A detailed examination of the worldwide impact of type 2 diabetes linked to dietary risks: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study (1990-2021).Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Food Away From Home and Body Mass Index: Insights From a Quantile Regression Analysis of NHANES 2011-2020.BioMed research international · 2026Article
- Impact of Maternal High-Fat Diet on Offspring Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health: Spotlight on Oxidative Stress.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Associations of TAS1R2 and TAS2R38 Genetic Variants with Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Obesity Risk in Kuwaiti Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Maternal Adherence to Healthy Dietary Patterns During Pregnancy and Gestational Weight Gain.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Nutritional Risk Factors Model of Community-Dwelling Older People in Poland-Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- The Role of Food Consumption in the Global Syndemic: A Scoping Review and Conceptual Model.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Development of two short FFQ to assess diet quality in UK pre-school and primary school-aged children based on National Diet and Nutrition Survey data.The British journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Nutraceuticals for Gut-Brain Axis Health: A Novel Approach to Combat Malnutrition and Future Personalised Nutraceutical Interventions.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Diet and sociodemographic predictors of the double burden of malnutrition in urban Zimbabwe.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2025Article
- Characterizing co-purchased food products with soda, fresh fruits, and fresh vegetables using loyalty card purchasing data in Montréal, Canada, 2015-2017.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this umbrella review was to summarise the evidence from existing systematic reviews on the association between different dietary patterns (DP) and overweight or obesity outcomes in adults.
designWe followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science for systematic reviews reporting on DP and weight gain or overweight/obesity outcomes.
resultWe identified 16 systematic reviews with 143 unique studies published between 2001 and 2019. Overall quality scores ranged from 4 to 10. Six reviews in 2/11 cohort and 6/19 cross-sectional studies reported (statistically significant) decreased OR for obesity (range: 0·53 to 0·73 and 0·35 to 0·88, respectively) associated with the Mediterranean diet. Five reviews in 5/15 cohort and 10/45 cross-sectional studies reported an inverse association between diet quality and weight gain or BMI (β range: -1·3 to -0·09). Two reviews in 1/3 cohort and 1/2 cross-sectional studies reported a decreased risk of obesity (OR = 0·76) and weight gain (OR = 0·26), respectively, with fruit and vegetable intake. Five reviews of mixed DP in 3/40 cross-sectional studies reported an increased prevalence of obesity (OR = 1·19) or abdominal obesity (OR range: 1·07 to 1·27) with the Korean diet pattern.
conclusionsOur umbrella review confirms the hypothesis that Mediterranean-type DP reduce the risk of obesity in adults. Although population-specific evidence of effective interventions is needed, characteristics of Mediterranean-type DP are important considerations for national obesity prevention strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.