Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33612019›Full record

ReviewScandinavian journal of surgery : SJS : official organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society2021

Tears of biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus are not equal-a new individual muscle-tendon concept in athletes.

Lasse Lempainen, Jussi Kosola, Ricard Pruna, Juha-Jaakko Sinikumpu, Xavier Valle, Olli Heinonen, Sakari Orava, Nicola Maffulli

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Scandinavian journal of surgery : SJS : official organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Distal Hamstring Injuries and Disorders.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The Cobra sign: A marker for overestimation of tendon retraction in proximal semimembranosus tendon avulsion.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Hamstring Muscle Injuries: MRI and Ultrasound for Diagnosis and Prognosis.Journal of the Belgian Society of Radiology · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lasse LempainenSports Trauma Research Unit, Hospital Mehiläinen NEO, Joukahaisenkatu 6, Turku, FI 20520, Finland.
Jussi KosolaDepartment of Physical Activity and Health, Paavo Nurmi Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4428-7472
Ricard PrunaFC Barcelona, Medical Services, FIFA Center of Excellence, Barcelona, Spain.
Juha-Jaakko SinikumpuDepartment of Children and Adolescents, PEDEGO unit and MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Xavier ValleFC Barcelona, Medical Services, FIFA Center of Excellence, Barcelona, Spain.
Olli HeinonenDepartment of Physical Activity and Health, Paavo Nurmi Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Sakari OravaSports Trauma Research Unit, Hospital Mehiläinen NEO, Turku, Finland.
Nicola MaffulliDepartment of Musculoskeletal Disorders, University of Salerno School of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Salerno, Italy Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesHamstring injuries are common and can now be accurately diagnosed. In addition, novel surgical indications have been introduced. However, evidence-based guidelines on the hamstring injuries in management of top-level athletes are missing.

methodsThe management methods and outcomes of treatment are classically based on relatively small case series. We discuss a novel concept based on the fact that each tendon of the hamstrings muscle should be managed in an individual fashion. Furthermore, suitable indications for hamstring surgery in athletes are introduced.

resultsThe present study introduces modern treatment principles for hamstring injury management. Typical clinical and imagining findings as well as surgical treatment are presented based on a critical review of the available literature and personal experience.

conclusionsHamstring injuries should not be considered to be all equal given the complexity of this anatomical region: The three separate tendons are different, and this impacts greatly on the decision-making process and outcomes in athletes.

Indexed as

Hamstring MusclesAthletesHumansTendonsathletebiceps femorisHamstring injurysemimembranosussemitendinosussurgical treatmenttendon

Identifiers

PMID33612019
PMCPMC8688976

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.