Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33611821›Full record

ArticleJournal of neuroscience research2021

Extracellular microvesicles promote microglia-mediated pro-inflammatory responses to ethanol.

Fulton T Crews, Jian Zou, Leon G Coleman

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neuroscience research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Ethanol Alters the Neurexin Landscape in Human Neuroblastoma Cells.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Thiamine Deficiency and Neuroinflammation Are Important Contributors to Alcohol Use Disorder.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Alcohol, HMGB1, and Innate Immune Signaling in the Brain.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2024
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Fulton T CrewsBowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Jian ZouBowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Leon G ColemanBowles Center for Alcohol Studies, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1693-3799
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

UNC-CH NADIA Administrative CoreU24AA020024 · NIAAA · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI CREWS, FULTON T · 2010 to 2024
$6.6M
Microglia Activation and TLR-induced Neurodegeneration by Alcohol Promotes Progression of Alzheimer PathologyR01AA028924 · NIAAA · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI COLEMAN, LEON GARLAND, CREWS, FULTON T · 2020 to 2024
$1.9M
Ethanol modulate central and peripheral immune responses via HMGB1, IL-1Beta, and other Immune Signaling MoleculesK08AA024829 · NIAAA · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI COLEMAN, LEON GARLAND · 2017 to 2021
$773k
NIAAA NIH HHS K08 AA024829NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA028924NIAAA NIH HHS U24 AA020024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) pathology features pro-inflammatory gene induction and microglial activation. The underlying cellular processes that promote this activation remain unclear. Previously considered cellular debris, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as mediators of inflammatory signaling in several disease states. We investigated the role of microvesicles (MVs, 50 nm-100 µm diameter EVs) in pro-inflammatory and microglial functional gene expression using primary organotypic brain slice culture (OBSC). Ethanol caused a unique immune gene signature that featured: temporal induction of pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-1β, reduction of homeostatic microglia state gene Tmem119, progressive increases in purinergic receptor P2RY12 and the microglial inhibitory fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, an increase in the microglial presynaptic gene C1q, and a reduction in the phagocytic gene TREM2. MV signaling was implicated in this response as reduction of MV secretion by imipramine blocked pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-1β induction by ethanol, and ethanol-conditioned MVs (EtOH-MVs) reproduced the ethanol-associated immune gene signature in naïve OBSC slices. Depletion of microglia prior to ethanol treatment prevented pro-inflammatory activity of EtOH-MVs, as did incubation of EtOH-MVs with the HMGB1 inhibitor glycyrrhizin. Ethanol caused HMGB1 secretion from cultured BV2 microglia in MVs through activation of PI3 kinase. In summary, these studies find MVs modulate pro-inflammatory gene induction and microglial activation changes associated with ethanol. Thus, MVs may represent a novel therapeutic target to reduce neuroinflammation in the setting of alcohol abuse or other diseases that feature a neuroimmune component. [Correction added on 5 April 2021, after first online publication: The copyright line was changed.].

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainClass I Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesCX3C Chemokine Receptor 1EthanolExtracellular VesiclesFemaleGene ExpressionHippocampusHMGB1 ProteinInterleukin-1betaMaleMembrane GlycoproteinsMicrogliaNeuroinflammatory DiseasesPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesClass I Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesCX3C Chemokine Receptor 1EthanolHMGB1 ProteinInterleukin-1betaMembrane GlycoproteinsP2ry12 protein, ratPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesReceptors, ImmunologicReceptors, Purinergic P2Y12trem2 protein, ratTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaalcohol use disorderextracellular vesiclesinflammationmicroglianeuroimmune

Identifiers

PMID33611821
PMCPMC8451840
OpenAlexW3132404127

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.