ArticleEBioMedicine2021
Immune profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific T cells in recent and remote infection.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis: Interplay Between Host Antituberculosis Immunity and Immune Evasion Strategies ofMedComm · 2026Review
- Identification of discriminative plasma protein biomarkers for recent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: a pilot data‑independent acquisition mass spectrometry‑based proteomics study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Multiparameter antigen-specific immunoprofiling in subjects with negative IGRA and TST results with potentialFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- B cells and iBALT in TB immunity & pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- T cell-macrophage interactions in tuberculosis: What we've got here is failure to communicate.Journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- PPD skin test positivity and in-hospital mortality across age groups in non-HIV tuberculous meningitis: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Integration of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing reveals divergent T-cell immune circuits and a shared osteo-immune pathway in spinal tuberculosis and brucellar spondylitis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Immunometabolic reprogramming ofFrontiers in tuberculosis · 2026Article
- Preparation of ESAT6-Fc Fusion Protein and Its Therapeutic Efficacy and Immune Mechanisms in Allergic Asthma Mice via Intranasal Immunization.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Concurrent TB and HIV therapies control TB reactivation during co-infection but not chronic immune activation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Antigen-specific chemokine CCL3 as a biomarker for distinguishing between recent and remote tuberculosis infection.Infection · 2025Article
- 3-Gene-TB-SCORE Accuracy for Tuberculosis Disease Diagnosis Is Not Affected by Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease Comorbidity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Characterization of QuantiFERON-TB-Plus Results in Patients with Tuberculosis Infection and Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology international · 2025Article
- A novel nanoparticle vaccine displaying multistage tuberculosis antigens confers protection in mice infected with H37Rv.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Autofluorescence lifetime imaging classifies human B and NK cell activation state.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Tissue-specific T cell profiles inFrontiers in tuberculosis · 2025Article
- Editorial: Tuberculosis and humoral immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Specific immune response toFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Whole-blood culture-derived cytokine combinations for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Advances in Bacterial Lysate Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases and Cancer.Journal of immunology research · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection is associated with a higher risk of progression to tuberculosis disease, compared to persistent infection after remote exposure. However, current immunodiagnostic tools fail to distinguish between recent and remote infection. We aimed to characterise the immunobiology associated with acquisition of M.tb infection and identify a biomarker that can distinguish recent from remote infection.
methodsHealthy South African adolescents were serially tested with QuantiFERON-TB Gold to define recent (QuantiFERON-TB conversion <6 months) and persistent (QuantiFERON-TB+ for >1.5 year) infection. We characterised M.tb-specific CD4 T cell functional (IFN-γ, TNF, IL-2, CD107, CD154), memory (CD45RA, CCR7, CD27, KLRG-1) and activation (HLA-DR) profiles by flow cytometry after CFP-10/ESAT-6 peptide pool or M.tb lysate stimulation. We then assessed the diagnostic performance of immune profiles that were differentially expressed between individuals with recent or persistent QuantiFERON-TB+.
findingsCFP-10/ESAT-6-specific CD4 T cell activation but not functional or memory phenotypes distinguished between individuals with recent and persistent QuantiFERON-TB+. In response to M.tb lysate, recent QuantiFERON-TB+ individuals had lower proportions of highly differentiated IFN-γ+TNF+ CD4 T cells expressing a KLRG-1+ effector phenotype and higher proportions of early differentiated IFN-γ-TNF+IL-2+ and activated CD4 T cells compared to persistent QuantiFERON-TB+ individuals. Among all differentially expressed T cell features CFP-10/ESAT-6-specific CD4 T cell activation was the best performing diagnostic biomarker of recent infection.
interpretationRecent M.tb infection is associated with highly activated and moderately differentiated functional M.tb-specific T cell subsets, that can be used as biomarkers to distinguish between recent and remote infection.
fundingUS National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, South African National Research Foundation, South African Medical Research Council, and Aeras.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.