ArticleAmerican journal of clinical pathology2021
Lymphocytic Esophagitis With Predominance of CD4 T Cells and Expansion of Th1 Cells Is Associated With Achalasia.
Article in American journal of clinical pathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Idiopathic achalasia: unraveling the etiology and pathogenesis of an inflammatory disease.Gastroenterology report · 2026Review
- RNA-sequencing reveals molecular and regional differences in the esophageal mucosa of achalasia patients.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- A comprehensive summary of disease variants implicated in metal allergy.Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAlthough histologic features in biopsies suggesting a possibility of achalasia would be helpful diagnostically, such features remain unknown. The goal of this study was to explore the prevalence, histologic features, and immunophenotype of lymphocytic esophagitis (LyE) in achalasia biopsies.
methodsThe study group consisted of 57 patients with achalasia. Controls comprised 52 patients with severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and normal esophageal motility. CD4/CD8 immunophenotype of lymphocytes was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.
resultsLyE was identified in 30% (17/57) of patients with achalasia and 6% (3/52) of patients with GERD, indicating a strong association with achalasia (odds ratio, 6.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.90-25.38). LyE was focal in 59% (10/17) of the cases and diffuse in 41% (7/17). CD4 T-cell predominance over CD8 T cells was observed in 88% of patients with achalasia and LyE. T helper 1 (Th1) cells, but not T helper 2 cells, were expanded in CD4 T cells; in the absence of evident infection, this was compatible with the role of Th1 cells in organ-specific autoimmunity.
conclusionsAchalasia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of clinical entities associated with CD4-predominant LyE. Additional studies to explore the significance of Th1 cells in achalasia-associated LyE are warranted.
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